Explosion, explosions

Pendulum Rifle Bullet Explosion Friction Test Test Temp Explosive (% explosion) (% explosion) (°C)... 

The term explosion is best defined as a process that involves a sudden release of energy resulting in a rapid and significant buildup of overpressure. Explosions can be categorized into physical/mechanical and chemical explosions. For example, an explosion caused by a sudden release of compressed gas is a physical explosion. A chemical explosion is caused by a chemical reaction(s), which could be combustion, exothermic decomposition or exothermic reaction. Chemical explosions can occur in gas, liquid or solid phase. Chemical explosions that occur in liquid and solid phases are sometimes called condensed phase explosions. Explosive explosions fall in this category. 

Vapor cloud explosions. Explosions which occur in the open air are vapor cloud explosions. A vapor cloud explosion is one of the most serious hazards in the process industries. Although a large toxic release may have a greater disaster potential, vapor cloud explosions tend to occur more frequently. Most vapor cloud explosions have been the result of leaks of flashing flammable liquids. 

Proceedings of the International Conference on Kesearch in Primay Explosives, Explosives Kesearch, and Development Establishment, Waltham Abbey, Essex, UK, 1975. 

Explosives. Explosives can be detected usiag either radiation- or vapor-based detection. The aim of both methods is to respond specifically to the properties of the energetic material that distinguish it from harmless material of similar composition. A summary of techniques used is given ia Table 7. These techniques are useful for detecting organic as well as inorganic explosives (see Explosives and propellants). 

Distances for storage of explosives Explosive and Toxic LLazard Materials page 370 (MeidI, 1970) Safe Handling Requirements during Explosive, Propellant and Pyrotechnic Manufacture (HSE, SIR 31)... 

Vapor Cloud Explosions Explosions Fires Olher... 

Chemical explosions are uniform or propagating explosions. An explosion in a vessel tends to be a uniform explosion, while an explosion in a long pipe is a propagating explosion. Explosions are deflagrations or detonations. In a deflagration, the burn is relatively slow, for hydrocarbon air mixtures the deflagration velocity is of the order of 1 m/s. In contrast, a detonation flame shock front is followed closely by a combustion wave that releases energy to sustain the shock wave. A... 

A liquid not considered flammable may still have an explosive potential. An example is dichloromethane or methylene chloride, often used in paint strippers, which evaporates very quickly. It is not flammable, but its vapors may be explosive (explosive limits 12% to 22%). 

Dobratz, Ed, Properties of Chemical Explosives Explosive Simulants , UCRL 51319... 

Nuclear and non-nuclear munitions (to include mines, grenades, demolition devices, explosives, explosive devices and initiators) except chemical and smoke munitions assigned to Edgewood Arsenal... 

Explosive chemicals. See also Explosion Explosives characteristic chemical groupings, 236, 237, 238 disposal methods, 246 effects, 241... 

Unconfined explosions. Explosions that occur in the open air are unconfined explosions. An unconfined vapor cloud explosion is one of the most serious hazards in the... 

The isolated solid is a very shock- and friction-sensitive explosive [1], but the preparation and safe handling of dilute solutions in solvents other than ether have been described [2], The need to use appropriate techniques and precautions when using iodine azide as a reagent is stressed [3], The purer the more explosive explosive properties are characterised (lead-block test, etc.) in a footnote to [4],... 

Unconfined vapor cloud explosion explosive oxidation of a flammable vapor cloud in a nonconfined space (e.g., not in vessels or buildings) the flame speed may accelerate to high velocities and can produce significant blast overpressures, particularly in densely packed plant areas. 

Chalmette, LA, USA, Refinery, Explosion Explosion in 30 story refining tower 13 Fatalities... 

Offshore Las Palmas, canary Islands, Tanker, Explosion Explosion opened tanker hull and spilled 19 million gallons... 

Conventional explosive Explosive other than a nuclear weapon. Examples include nitroglycerine, picric acid, TNT, PETN, RDX, HMX, and TATB. 

---