Experimental methodology metals

The apparatus and techniques of ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy have been described in detail elsewhere. Ions are formed, either by electron impact from a volatile precursor, or by laser evaporation and ionization of a solid metal target (14), and allowed to interact with neutral reactants. Freiser and co-workers have refined this experimental methodology with the use of elegant collision induced dissociation experiments for reactant preparation and the selective introduction of neutral reactants using pulsed gas valves (15). Irradiation of the ions with either lasers or conventional light sources during selected portions of the trapped ion cycle makes it possible to study ion photochemical processes... 

In the last chapter, Strehblow provides a review of experimental methodology and theoretical concepts of passivation and passivity of metals. The topics of emphasis include growth and composition of passive layers, their structure and electronic properties, and their breakdown. Current accomplishments are discussed in detail for a selected number of key metal and alloy systems. Summarized in some detail are the most important analytical methods for elucidation of chemical composition, electronic properties and structure of passive layers. It is shown for many systems that the application of multiple combinations of electrochemical and spectroscopic methods provide many insights and confidence in the interpretation of the passive behavior of metals. 

Volumes 26 and 27 are both concerned with reactions occurring at electrodes arising through the passage of current. They provide an introduction to the study of electrode kinetics. The basic ideas and experimental methodology are presented in Volume 26, whilst Volume 27 deals with reactions at particular types of electrode. Thus, Chapter 1 of the present volume deals with redox reactions at metal electrodes, Chapter 2 with semiconducting electrodes and Chapter 3 with reactions at metal oxide electrodes. Both theoretical aspects and experimental results are covered. 

The acquisition and analysis of metal-ligand bond energy information in organometallic molecules represents an active and important research area in modern chemistry. This overview begins with a brief historical introduction to the subject, followed by a discussion of basic principles, experimental methodology, and issues, and concludes with an overview of the Symposium Series volume organization and contents. 

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