Exitance uncertainty

Selection 6 goes to FTAPlus, from which menu 5 is selected, to provide the inl.,.. ation needed for IMPORT. This program presents event names as given in FTAP and POST and requests failure rates or probabilities (e-format), uncertainty (f-format), and an event description. Each time this set is given, it presents the next event name until all events are specified. Then it returns to the main FTAPlus menu to be exited by selecting 6 to go to the FTAPSUIT menu. 

Some sort of revenue-sharing arrangement if and when the compound reaches the market out-licensed revenues.) The variable revenues per out-licensed compound is commonly a time-based scenario of revenue generation over the life of the compound before it eventually exits through the retirement flow. A proper analysis of the revenues per out-licensed compound flow should incorporate the uncertainty of markef enfry however, if fhe out-licensed NCE is one which has not yet passed the FDA approval process. 

The mass flow rates of air and fuel were measured with a set of float-type flow meters to a precision of 1%, and the overall equivalence ratio was determined with an uncertainty of less than 2%. The swirl number of the second-flow arrangement was defined at the exit of the swirler as... 

To determine the Lamb shift to within an error of the order of several ppm, the accuracy given by (1) is obviously insufficient. A computer calculation likewise cannot ensure the required accuracy, mainly because of the complicated behaviour of the atom in the interferometer and the uncertainty in the field characteristics at the boundaries, i.e. near the entrance and exit openings in the electrodes. 

Lastly, practically in any kinetic experiment there are some uncertainties in its conditions and results. This concerns such factors as mixing of reactants, regimes of gas flow in different zones of the reaction system, wall effects, axial and radial temperature gradients, spatial distribution of reaction rates, concentrations, pressure, etc. A lot of effort must be applied even to measure the reactant conversion and the main product distributions at the exit of the reactor, needless to say anything about concentrations of active intermediates and concentration distributions inside the reactor. Moreover, up to now there is no clear understanding about which measured parameters are the most informative and should be preferred. 

The van Deemter equation contains three adjustable parameters, A, B, and C, while Hand v are the observable parameters v is calculated from the measured linear carrier velocity at the column exit (in gas chromatography, after correction for the pressure-dependent compressibility of the gas in the column), and His found from the peak shape and position. It will not take you long to figure out that (6.9-1) canbe fitted to a second-order polynomial of the form Y A,t i At X i A2 X2 when we make the following substitutions Y= H v, X= v, An B, A A, and A2 = C. Therefore, a linear least-squares routine can be used. The only remaining question concerns the nature of the experimental uncertainties. 

As a rule of thumb, the uncertainty involved with a heat transfer coefficient is usually assumed to be about 30%. In view of this uncertainty, the difference between the first and second estimates of Q/l is negligible, and there is no need to carry out the computations based on the averaged values. Had the answers differed by more than 30%, the heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer, and exit temperature would have had to be reevaluated based on the averaged Tb. ... 

Explainability is only the first criterion for model acceptance. To be useful, the model must be able to predict the behaviour one or more key variables to a reasonable level of accuracy. Supposing the model is to be used to predict the behaviour of a certain important variable, 0, (e.g. the peak value of reactor exit temperature during a transient) then clearly the uncertainty in the nominally constant parameters will affect the tolerance to be placed on the calculated value of 0. Providing equation (24.61) or the more general equation (24.63) is satisfied, then a conservative estimate of the variance, o, to be associated with the variable, 0, is... 

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