Exciton-phonon correlation

Vq = 2500 cm. At room temperature we fix the amplitude, A, of the stochastic fluctuation, of the order of k T. After excitation of the upper lying states, which carry the oscillator strength, a fast population relaxation (as compared to the exciton radiative lifetimes) occurs among the eigenstates. Using an exciton-phonon correlation time equal to = 0.25ps, we show in Fig. 8 the time evolution of the populations. The initial populations (, p, p ) rapidly decrea-... 

As can be seen from eqn (14.8), the calculation of the tensor reduces to the calculation of two-particle correlation functions. The lack of sufficiently detailed data on the exciton band structure and the exciton-phonon coupling constants considerably complicates the accurate calculation of the two-particle correlation functions and the exciton diffusion coefficients. However, the temperature dependence of this coefficient differs significantly for coherent and incoherent excitons (see below). Therefore, studying the temperature dependence of diffusion has always been an important tool to analyze the character of the energy transfer in molecular crystals. In the remainder of this chapter, we will focus on the main characteristics of the diffusion constant and its temperature dependence... 

If the exciton-phonon coupling is sufficiently weak, the solution of the equation for the correlation function (B (t)Bm(t)B, (0)Bm (0)) is equivalent to the solution of the Boltzmann equation (11). In this coherent limit, the exciton states of... 

A variation of the E2 mode with the thickness of the AIN buffer layer in MOCVD 750 nm GaN/sapphire structures monitoring biaxial stress has been observed (TABLE 6) [31]. A correlation of E2 phonon modes with exciton energies in photoluminescence has been given [30,31]. 

The cause or causes of the opening of a gap in the band structure of trans-PA has been the subject of many theoretical papers and of much debate (see Chapter 11, Section IV.A and reviews and discussions in [17,146,147,181]). It would seem that electron-phonon and electron-election interactions are of comparable importance. If electron correlations are treated by adding a Hubbard on-site interaction term to the SSH Hamiltonian, the available experimental results for tram-PA are best accounted for by taking about equal values for the electron-phonon coupling X and for the Hubbard U. It might be that in other CPs the importance of electron correlations is greater. Note, however, that a U term (on-site interactions) is not enough to treat the correlations correctly, especially if excitons are to be studied (see the discussion of the PDA case above). 

Dynamic disorder stems from the coupling of the chromophores to a thermal bath (phonons) acting as a dissipative medium. This stochastic coupling creates local fluctuations in the site energies characterized by their amplitude ( A) and their correlation time (r ). The exciton d3mamics is determined by comparing... 

The X-ray excitation process frequently is analyzed in terms of an excitonic electron hole pair (e.g. Cauchois and Mott 1949). The excitonic approach to X-ray absorption spectra accounts for the fact that the excited state is a hydrogen-like bound state. The X-ray exciton is different from the well-known optical excitons. In the latter cases the ejected electron polarizes a macroscopic fraction of the crystal-fine volume because the lifetime of optical excitations is in the order of lO s. The lifetime of the excited deep core level state, however, is in the order of 10 — 10 s, much too short to p-obe more than the direct vicinity of excited atom. Following Haken and Schottky (1958) the distance r between the ejected electron and core hole of an excited atom for E = 1 turns out to be r oc [h/(2m 0))] Here m denotes the effective mass of the ejected electron, to is the phonon frequency and is the dielectric constant. A numerical estimate yields r 10 A. Thus the information obtainable in an L, spectrum of the solid is very local the measurement probes essentially the 5d state of the absorbing atom as modified from the atomic 5d states by its immediate neighbors only. It is not suited to give information about extended Bloch states. On the other hand it is well suited to extract information about local correlations within the 5d conduction electrons, whose proper treatment is at the heart of the difficulty of the theory of narrow band materials and about chemical binding effects. 

---