Evidence clear

Metallic devices have been used to repair and replace parts of the human body for centuries. Archaeological evidence clearly indicates that surgical procedures were performed in several ancient civilisations. The use of surgical metal implants in humans was first recorded in 1562 when a gold prosthesis was used to close a defect in a cleft palate. ... 

Structural and functional evidence clearly demonstrates that family C receptors function as dimers, either as homodimers or as heterodimers. The metabotropic glutamate receptors and the calcium sensors, as discussed in Section 2.6.1, are found as covalently connected dimers in which there is a disulfide bridge between a Cys residue located in a loop in the N-terminal extracellular domain of each monomer. This disulfide bridge apparently serves only to hold the monomers in close proximity, as the loop is so unstructured that it does not resolve in the x-ray structure. 

The direct chemical evidence clearly indicates that either (26) or (27) can be involved depending on the circumstances. Thus in the benzoylation of toluene, the same mixture of products (1 % m-, 9% o-and 90% p-) is obtained no matter what the Lewis acid catalyst is, and with either benzoyl chloride or benzoyl bromide, though the reaction rates do of course differ this suggests a common attacking... 

The data collected during an investigation are studied and analyzed to establish the causes of the accident and to develop recommendations to prevent a recurrence. In most cases the evidence clearly supports one or more causes. Sometimes, however, the evidence needs added... 

Whereas the above evidence clearly points to a catalytic activity of serum albumin, it does not exclude an activity toward less-reactive substrates due to contamination of some HSA preparations. Indeed, the hypothesis of a contamination by plasma cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) has been raised [126][127]. The efficient hydrolysis of nicotinate esters by HSA (see Chapt. 8) [128][129] could be due to contamination by cholinesterase in samples of a commercially available, essentially fatty acid free albumin. Support for this hypothesis was obtained when HSA contaminated with cholinesterase was resolved into two peaks by affinity chromatography, and the esterase activity toward nicotinate esters was found exclusively in the cholinesterase fraction [130],... 

A typical set of optical spectra for the spectroelectrochemical titration of a nitrophorin-NO complex, NPl-NO at pH 5.5, is shown in Fig. 22. These experiments are carried out by setting the potential at some value E° and waiting until the optical spectrum does not change with time, then recording the optical spectrum, followed by setting a new potential E° and repeating the process, etc. As is evident, clear isosbestic behavior is observed, indicating a smooth reduction of the chromophore as the applied potential is lowered, with only two species present. The insert shows the plot, based upon the Nernst equation. 

To establish the validity of this intuition it was first necessary to evidence clear relationships between the two areas of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, which are a priori very distinct from one another. The first was historically close to molecular chemistry and the second to surface science and in particular to the approach based on solid-state physics of surface states. 

Information, claims and comparisons must be accurate, balanced, fair, objective and unambiguous and must be based on an up-to-date evaluation of all the evidence and reflect that evidence clearly They must not mislead either directly or by implication. 

Amino-l,2,5-thiadiazole is a weak base but is sufficiently nucleophilic to readily form acyl, aroyl, sulfanilyl, and sulfinyl derivatives on the exocyclic nitrogen atom. Similarly, all the observed reactions of diaminothiadiazole <76JHC13> involve the exocyclic nitrogen atoms. IR, UV, and NMR spectroscopic evidence clearly indicate, however, that aminothiadiazole protonates on the ring nitrogen atom <68AHC(9)107>. 

The distinction between enantio- and diastereoselectivity in a reaction is usually, but not generally, evident. Clearly, an enantioselective reaction must proceed via diastereomeric transition states and often diastereomeric intermediates can be demonstrated. In order to narrow the overlap area as far as possible it is demanded that a diastercoselective reaction must yield covalent diastereomers, as distinct from salts, coordination compounds etc., as reaction products. 

Whether we considered clomipramine alone or with any of the SSRIs, the evidence clearly found them to be more effective than standard antidepressants. 

This experimental evidence clearly shows the complicated nature of the adsorption isotherm for a detergent at the polar solid-aqueous solution interface. 

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