Evaporation: evaporators

Product Water Management Evaporative Evaporative Evaporative Gaseous Product Gaseous Product Gaseous Product... 

Evaporation. Evaporation can be used to separate volatile compounds from nonvolatile components and often is used to remove residual moisture or solvents from soHds or semisoHds. Thin-film evaporators and dryers are examples of evaporation equipment used for this type of appHcation. Some evaporators are also appropriate for aqueous solutions. 

F. C. Standiford/ M.S./ P.E./ Member American In stitute of Chemical Engineers, American Chemical Society. (Thermal Design of Evaporators, Evapor ators)... 

FIG. 11-98 Performance of complete refrigeration system (1), when there is reduction in heat load (2), and when for the same ambient (or inlet in evaporator) evaporation temperature is maintained constant hy reducing capacity of compressor/condenser part (3). 

Evaporation. Evaporative concentration can produce concentrations of 100,000 times or more in certain circumstances. Heat transfer surfaces, liquid and vapor interfaces, and regions where wetting and drying conditions occur are areas subject to evaporative concentration (see Case Histories 9.1, 9.4, and 9.6). 

Verdampfung, /. evaporation, evaporating vaporization. — — durch Entspannung, flash evaporation. 

Evaporation. Evaporation of the water held in the pit is often the first step in reserve pit remediation, due to economic considerations over trucking and disposal. The evaporation may be mechanically driven or take place naturally. Natural evaporation is very effective in the semiarid regions. The Meyer Equation 4-385 as derived from Dalton s law may be used to estimate the local natural evaporation [224]. These are. 

Vacuum evaporation Evaporation at reduced pressure in accordance with the Clausius equation, followed by condensation on a cold surface 1 solid 1 vapour solid on 2 M, Al M2 Fe... 

In view of the above physical meaning of A it is clear why A can approach infinite values when Na+ is used as the sacrificial promoter (e.g. when using j "-Al203 as the solid electrolyte) to promote reactions such as CO oxidation (Fig. 4.15) or NO reduction by H2 (Fig. 4.17). In this case Na on the catalyst surface is not consumed by a catalytic reaction and the only way it can be lost from the surface is via evaporation. Evaporation is very slow below 400°C (see Chapter 9) so A can approach infinite values. 

After a rainfall, puddles of water slowly disappear. The higher the temperature, the faster the puddles vanish. Puddles disappear because water molecules move from the liquid phase to the gas phase through evaporation. Evaporation is common to all substances in condensed phases, not Just to water. We use the term vapor to describe a gaseous substance that forms by evaporation. Evaporation from bodies of water guarantees that the Earth s atmosphere always contains water vapor. 

The combined solvent fractions from our solvent extractions should now be in Jar A. Pour contents of Jar A into a glass baking dish. Allow for the solvent to evaporate. Evaporation may take up to one week (depending on your solvent.) During this time keep dish with solvent away from heat or open flame. 

Ni film Ni film evaporated evaporated in CO of 2 in CO of 12 Torr pressure Torr pressure ... 

Evaporation Evaporation occurs faster from warmer water. The mass of the hot water may decrease enough to make up for the greater temperature range it must cover to reach freezing. Also, there is a greater cooling effect from evaporation. 

Direct Evaporation. Evaporation can occur with or without dissociation of the compound into fragments. The observed vapor species show that very few compounds evaporate without dissociation. Examples are MgF2, B203, CaF2, SiO, and other Group 14 (IV) divalent oxides, eg, SiO homologues such as GeO and SnO. 

The matrix modifier Mg(N03)2 raises the temperature for atomization of A1 analyte.12 At high temperature, Mg(N03)2 decomposes to MgO(g) and A1 is converted into A1203. At sufficiently high temperature, A1203 decomposes to A1 and O. and A1 evaporates. Evaporation of A1 is retarded by MgO(g) by virtue of the reaction... 

Using a nitrogen evaporator, evaporate the chloroform layer under a stream of nitrogen until 3 ml remains. 

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