Ethylene amine side chain polymers

Another important observation was the changed solubility properties of the modified copolymers, especially when a hydrophilic (entry 3) or a hydrophobic (entry 4) amine/acrylate pair was used. Furfurylamine (entry 10), 3-morpholinopropylamine (entry 11), and W,W-dimethylethylenediamine (entries 8, 12, 13) were tested as functional amines, giving pNlPAAm a multiresponsive character or providing the opportunity for further functionalization. 1-Ethoxyethyl acrylate (entry 8) was tested as a protected carboxylic acid derivative [148, 149] and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate (entries 7 and 13) introduced short ethylene glycol side chains to the polymer [52]. 

The facile addition of primary and secondary amines to Cjq has been used to synthesize polymer-bound Cjq [126-133]. Solutions of precursor polymers containing primary amino groups in the side chain or secondary amino groups in the main chain [132] were allowed to react with CgQ in a "buckybalT fishing process. Fullerene end capped polymers (type V) are accessible by reaction of amino-terminated polystyrene [128], poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(propylene glycol) [129] with Cgo. 

Amines can add to C50. An early paper showed that up to 15 amine molecules may be added to the fullerene, but the hexa-adduct with the chains attached to the central double bond of the six pyracyclene unit constituting the Qo seems favored [32]. This addition has been used to graft Qo on poly(ethylene imine) and poly(4- [(2-aminoethyl)imino]methyl styrene) [33] or amine functionalized ethylene propylene terpolymer [34] to obtain sidefullerene polymers. Amino-terminated polystyrene with very narrow molar mass distributions, synthesized using amonic polymerization followed by end functionalization, can add to Coo to form multiarm stars (Scheme 5.7). Even, if a ratio C60/PS-NH2 of 2 1 is used in order to favor the mono-adduct, about 20% of di-adducts as well as small amounts of higher adducts are obtained [35]. 

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