2-Ethyl-4-methylpentanoic acid

Applying these rules gives the following compound the name 2-ethyl-4-methylpentanoic acid. 

The ethyl 3-benzyl-2-cyano-3-methylpentanoate, 3-benzyl-3-methylpentanenitrile, and 3-benzyl-3-methylpentanoic acid preparations follow the procedure given by Prout, Huang, Hartman, and Korpics.9... 

Probkm 28.28 Using 9-BBN plus any alkenes and unhalogenated acids or ketones, outline all steps in the synthesis of (a) 2-heptanone (b) 4-methylpentanoic acid (c) 4-methyl-2-hexanone (d) l-cyclohexyl-2-propanone (e) ethyl (trans Z-methylcyclopentyl)acetate (f) l>phenyl-4-methyM-pentanone (g) i-cyclopentyl-33 dimethyl-2-butaBone. 

I. (a) 2-Chloro-4-methylpentanoic acid (b) 2-ethyl-3-butenoic acid... 

Lactic acid Laureth-3 Lithium stearate Maleic anhydride Methoxyethanol Methoxyethyl acrylate Methoxyethyl stearate Methyl acetyl ricinoleate 2-Methyl-1-butanol N-Methyl-N, N -diphenylurea 2-Methylpentanoic acid Methyl phthalyl ethyl glycolate . Mono (2-ethylhexyl) adipate Myristic acid Nonylphenol p-Nonyl phenol Octyl palmitate Octylphenol PEG-4 PEG-135... 

Methylpentanoic acid 202-595-4 Ethyl isobutyrate 202-597-5 Blemmer EMA Ethyl methacrylate Mhoromer AM 101 202-598-0 Ethyl lactate Galaster EL 202-599-6 Itaconic acid 202-601-5... 

Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid, A8.2, A"4 O-Methyllactic acid, ethyl ester, A1.8... 

Cyano-3-methylpentanoic acid, A 36.11 2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimide, A 36.14 2-Oxa-9-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-one, A"22.3... 

Propanoic acid 4-Methylpentanoic acid 3-Ethyl-6-methyloctanedioic acid... 

Heating the reaction for shorter periods gave erratic results. At this point the semisolid mixture can be diluted with 200 ml. of water, extracted with benzene, and the benzene extract fractionally distilled to give ethyl 2,3-dicyano-3-methylpentanoate, b.p. 146.0-147.5° (2.5 mm.), m27d 1.4429 (highly purified ester has b.p. 138.5-141.5° (2 mm.), 25d 1.4432). The overall yield of a-ethyl-a-methylsuccinic acid is decreased by about 5% when the dicyano intermediate is isolated. 

AI3-33618 EINECS 254-384-1 Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate Ethyl 2-methyivalerate Ethyl a-methylvalerate FEMA No. 3488 Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester. Oil with a natural, fruity, pineapple odor. Used in specialty perfumes and fruit flavorings. Oil bpi5 = 60" d n 0.861-0.865. Quest Inti. 

Synonyms Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate 2-Methylvaleric acid ethyl ester Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester... 

Ethanolic Na-ethoxide added slowly at 5-10 to a mixture of ethyl 2-bromo-3-methylpentanoate and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde with stirring, whidi is continued 0.5 hr. at the same temp, and 3 hrs. while the mixture is allowed to warm to room temp., water added, stirred 3 hrs. in a steam bath, cooled to room temp., and dil. phosphoric acid added to bring the pH to 3, whereby COg-evolution occurs l-(2-thienyl)-3-methyl-2-pentanone. Y 82%. F. e. s. J.D. Belcher, Jr., et al., J. Chem. Eng. Data 20, 206 (1975). 

Ester enolates undergo alkylation reactions. When ethyl 3-methylpentanoate (110) reacts with sodium ethoxide in ethanol and then with bromoethane, the product is 111. Alkylation of malonate derivatives leads to an interesting sequence of reactions that are useful in synthesis. The reaction of diethyl malonate (90) and NaOEt in ethanol, followed by reaction with benzyl bromide, gives 112. In a second reaction, 112 reacts with NaOEt in ethanol and then with iodomethane to give 113. Saponification of 113 (see Chapter 20, Section 20.2) gives the dicarboxylic acid, 114, and heating leads to decarboxylation (Section 22.8) and formation of acid 115. This overall sequence converted malonic acid via the diester to a substituted carboxylic acid, and it is known as the malonic ester synthesis. 

The odorants, e. g., for PUsener beer are shown in Table 20.6. The aroma is reproduced by a suitable mixture of these substances dissolved in water, the pH of which is adjusted to 4.3 with carbonic acid. This emphasizes the fact that the key odorants of this type of beer can be analytically identified. (R)-Linalool and ethyl-4-methylpentanoate are derived from hops and pass into the beer on boiling the wort. 

Startg. m. warmed at 30-50 in the presence of a trace of p-toluenesulfonic acid with distillation of the resulting alcohol under slightly reduced pressure ethyl 2-ethoxy-3-keto-4-methylpentanoate. Y 65%. F. e. s. J.-C. Combret and J. M. Patard, C. r. 281 (C), 329 (1975). 

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