Ethanoic acid, molecular structure

The nomenclature of esters is relatively simple, because it is similar to the nomenclature of salts. For instance, the ester obtained from methanol and ethanoic acid (acetic acid) is called methyl ethanoate (methyl acetate). Esters are compounds that comprise a large number of structures depending on what the alcohol and acid components are. Esters with a small molecular mass are volatile substances, in most cases with a pleasant odor. For instance, butyl acetate is responsible for the odor of apples. In nature, some esters serve as pheromones for insects, for example isoamyl acetate which attracts butterflies. Other kinds of esters can be large molecules as for instanee waxes and fats where both the alcohol and the acid components can be long-ehained or eomplicated structures. These natural esters will be diseussed in the ehapter on lipids. In industry, esters are used in the fabrication of polymeric fibers for textile materials and plastic materials for various uses. The most common material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the ester prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. 

Carbene complex 138 has been isolated under considerably less extreme conditions/" The air and water stable complex 138 is isolated from the reaction of potassium tetrachloroplatinate with a free pyridine in ethanoic acid, even though a cyclometallated complex coordinated to the platinum through a nitrogen might have been anticipated. In principle, the carbene structure of 138 could be redrawn as the ionic structure 139 (Scheme 34) however, a short Pt-G distance of 1.952(7) A in the X-ray structure and a solution G chemical shift of 324 ppm for the carbon bonded to platinum confirms that carbene form 138 more accurately represents the molecular form present. 

Butyl acetate (BYOO-til AS-uh-tate) exists in three isomeric forms. Isomers are two or more forms of a chemical compound with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas and different chemical and physical properties. Their names and synonyms are as follows n-butyl acetate is known as butyl ester, or butyl ethanoate -butyl acetate is called i-methylpropyl ester and acetic acid -butyl ester and ferf-butyl acetate is known by 1,1,-dimethylethyl ester or acetic acid, ferf-butyl ester. The expanded chemical formulas for the forms are slightly different n-butyl acetate, CH3C00CH2CH2CH2CH3 -butyl acetate, CH3COOCH(CH3)(C2H5) and ferf-butyl acetate, CH3C00C(CH3)3. 

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