Estimation of Acetone

VelumdncdUy.—Iodine in alkaline solution reacts with acetone to give iodoform, a reaction which is used in the estimation of the ketone. 

A weighed quantity (about 2 c.cs.) of acetone is made up to 500 c.cs. with water. 15 c.cs. of this solution are shaken with 50 c.cs. of approximately normal caustic potash in a 250-c.c. stoppered flask. About N. .  

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Estimation of acetone by the iodoform method, by the Messinger method and by the Morasco method, called by Dalbert Tranchant the oximation method)(See also Refs 1,5,8 15) 17)M.Baer,ChemLabRept 130,159 PicArsn,Dover,NJ(1950) 18)Rea-gent Chemicals(l 950),24-5 19)A.Boulegue, MSCE 36,257-8(1951) (Micro detn of acet in air by the method ofDeniges, described in Ref 2 and by the method dinitrophenylhydra-zi"e> 2011 P ut> vx os/H... 

Dr S.J.M. Auld has recently ( Jour. Chem. Soc., Feb. 15, 1906, vol. xxv.) worked out a volumetric method for the estimation of acetone, depending on the formation of bromoform, and its subsequent hydrolysis with alcoholic potash. The hydrolysis is probably expressed thus—... 

Measured Variables and Estimates of Their True Values for Acetone(1)/Methanol(2) System (Othmer, 1928)... 

The estimation of alkoxy groups is not such a simple task. One method (26,68) involves hydrolysis and oxidation of the Hberated alcohol with excess standard potassium dichromate solution. The excess may then be estimated iodometrically. This method is suitable only for methoxides, ethoxides, and isopropoxides quantitative conversion to carbon dioxide, acetic acid, and acetone, respectively, takes place. An alternative method for ethoxides is oxidation followed by distillation, and titration of the Hberated acetic acid. 

Estimates of various uses for hydrogen cyanide in the United States ate adiponitrile for nylon, 41% acetone cyanohydrin for acryhc plastics, 28% sodium... 

Example Q Using Eq. 2-48 to estimate the ideal gas heat capacity of acetone (C HgO) at 600 K ... 

Example 6 Solvent Rate for Absorption Let us consider the absorption of acetone from air at atmospheric pressure into a stream of pure water fed to the top of a packed absorber at 25 C. The inlet gas at 35 C contains 2 percent by volume of acetone and is 70 percent saturated with water vapor (4 percent H2O by volume). The mole-fraction acetone in the exit gas is to be reduced to 1/400 of the inlet value, or 50 ppmv. For 100 kmol of feed-gas mixture, how many Idlomoles of fresh water should be fed to provide a positive-driving force throughout the pacldug How many transfer units will be needed according to the classical adiabatic method What is the estimated height of pacldug required if Hqq = 0.70 m ... 

Example 1 Partition Ratios Let us estimate the partition ratio in weight fractions K for extracting low concentrations of acetone from water into chloroform. The solute is acetone, the feed solvent is water, and the extraction solvent is chloroform in this case. 

The standard entropy of vaporization of acetone is approximately 85 J-K l-mol at its boiling point, (a) Estimate the standard enthalpy of vaporization of acetone at its normal boiling point of 56.2°C. (b) What is the entropy change of the surroundings when 10. g of acetone, CH3COCH3, condenses at its normal boiling point ... 

Self-Test 8.3A The vapor pressure of acetone, C3H60, at 7.7°C is 13.3 kPa, and its enthalpy of vaporization is 29.1 kj-mol. Estimate the normal boiling point of acetone. 

The isotopic method has been used in conjunction with a flow apparatus by Stranks, to measure the exchange between the cyclopentadienyl complexes of iron (III) and iron (II) in methanol. Separation was based on the insolubility of Fe(C5H5) in petroleum ether at —80 °C. Using Fe(II) and Fe(III) 10 M and short reaction times ( msec), a rate coefficient 8.7 x 10 l.mole .sec at — 75 °C was obtained. The rate of exchange in the presence of chloride ions and inert electrolytes was found to be more rapid. Calculations using Marcus Theory showed reasonable agreement with the experimental observations. In deuterated acetone, line broadening measurements have led to an estimate of this rate coefficient of > 10 l.mole . sec at 26 °C. 

For the plate design in Example 11.11, estimate the plate efficiency for the plate on which the concentration of acetone is 5 mol per cent. Use the AIChE method. 

Toullec, 1982). The values of log/C in water at 25°C have been estimated for acetone as —7.02 and acetophenone as —6.63 (Guthrie, 1979). However, the pKa-values of the ketones ionizing from the ketone to the enolate according to (4) have been measured, using either an acidity function method... 

Illinois group [2] has expressed a negative version on ORNL group, but their estimation of rc was done for water, so that it was too small to give enough potential to the initial bubble. Their version cannot be applied to deuterated acetone. 

Precipitation by ethanol in the cold was used effectively by J.Mellanby in 1908 to obtain diptheria antitoxin two years later Hardy and Gardiner reported the precipitation of plasma proteins by cold ethanol or acetone. The resulting proteins remained soluble in water, i.e. they were not denatured, and subsequent estimation of protein as nitrogen was helped by the use of nitrogen-free precipitants. Separations using organic solvents were considerably extended by Edsall,... 

Although experimental methods for estimation of this parameter for ketones are lacking in the documented literature, an estimated value of -0.588 was reported by Ellington et al. (1993). Its miscibility in water and low Koc and Kow values suggest that acetone adsorption to soil will be nominal (Lyman et al, 1982). 

An estimation of the relative coordinating capabilities of the different arenes has been obtained by measuring the equilibrium constants for arene replacement by acetone-dis (Scheme 2.20). The values of the equiUbrium constants show the lack of acetone-ds replacement in the case of hexamethylbenzene, and the higher coordination capability of aniUne in comparison with trimethylbenzene or toluene [22]. 

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