Esophageal stricture

These symptoms may be indicative of complications of GERD such as Barrett s esophagus, esophageal strictures, or esophageal cancer. 

Most infants have physiologic reflux with no clinical consequence.26 Complications, although rare, include distal esophagitis, failure to thrive, esophageal strictures, and Barrett s esophagus.27... 

Esophageal stricture Narrowing of the esophageal lumen. Esophageal strictures are usually benign and caused by acid refluxing into the lower esophagus. 

Patients at greatest risk for developing potassium chloride-induced Gl lesions include The elderly, the immobile and those with scleroderma, diabetes mellitus, mitral valve replacement, cardiomegaly, or esophageal stricture/compression. 

Kochhar, R., Goenka, M.K., Mehta, S.K. Esophageal strictures following endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy. Antecedents, clinical profile and management. Dig. Dis. Sci. 1992 37 347-352... 

Bonavina L, DeMeester TR, McChesney L, Schwizer W, Albertucci M, Bailey RT. Drug-induced esophageal strictures. Ann Surg 1987 206(2) 173-83. 

An esophageal stricture, with ulceration, inflammation, and fibrosis, has been reported in an elderly patient who had taken ascorbic acid for 2 months (37). A 500 mg tablet of ascorbic acid dissolves only slowly and is in vitro associated with a shift in saliva pH from 6.2 to 2.8. Since elderly individuals usually have less frequent esophageal contractions, it is not uncommon for this group to have a capsule lodged for a time in the esophagus (SEDA-13, 348) and it is entirely possible that cases like the above are more frequent than previously thought. 

Carlborg B, Kumlien A, Olsson H. Medikamentella esofa-gusstrikturen. [Drug-induced esophageal strictures.] Lakartidningen 1978 75(49) 4609-11. 

Quinidine sometimes causes esophagitis (39,40), especially when there is some abnormality of the esophagus or cardiomegaly. This sometimes results in esophageal stricture (41). 

Radiographic evaluation of the GI tract often starts with plain films of the abdomen, which are straightforward, uncontrasted radiographs. Specific abdominal structures that may be identified include the kidney, ureters, and bladder (KUB) esophagus stomach intestine stones and vessels. Plain films are often used to evaluate abdominal pain. Clinicians frequently employ plain radiographic fluoroscopy to guide and position other instruments that are used to evaluate and treat GI disorders an example is the manipulation of dilation devices to treat esophageal strictures. Bowel obstruction and perforation are especially well identified by this technique. 

Sclerotherapy for esophageal varices Esophageal stricture dilation... 

Gastroesophageal Reflux 95 Achalasia 97 Foreign Body Ingestion 98 Caustic Ingestion 100 Esophageal Strictures 101 Esophageal Perforation 102 Epidermolysis Bullosa 104 Infectious and Inflammatory Conditions Esophageal Varices 105... 

Fig. 2.28. Esophageal stricture. Barium swallow shows a long stricture involving almost the entire length of the esophagus years after ingesting an unknown corrosive agent...

Fig. 2.29a-c. Balloon dilation of an esophageal stricture, a Severe stenosis of the proximal esophagus 3 months after repair, b Dilatation balloon expanded across the narrowing, no extravasation, c Post-dilatation appearance... 

Allmendinger N, Hallsey M), Markowitz SK et al (1996) Balloon dilatation of esophageal strictures in children. I Pediatr Surg 31 334-336... 

Anderson SHC, Meenan I, Williams KN et al (2004) Efficacy and safety of endoscopic dilatation of esophageal strictures in epidermolysis bullosa. Gastrointest Endoscop 59 28-32... 

Fasulakis S, Andronikou S (2003) Balloon dilatation in children for esophageal strictures other than those due to primary repair of oesophageal atresia, interposition or restrictive fundoplication. Pediatr Radiol 33 682-687 Fernbach SK, Glass RBJ (1988) The expanded spectrum of limb anomalies in the VATER association. Pediatr Radiol 18 215-220... 

KappeLman MM, Dorst J, Haller JA et al (1969) H-type tra-cheo-esophageal fistula. Diagnostic and operative management. Am J Dis Child 118 568-575 Karasick S, Lev-Toaff AS (1995) Esophageal strictures findings on barium radiographs. AJR Am J Roentgenol 165 561-565... 

Fig. 3.13. a Caustic ingestion gastric obstruction in a 9-year-old after drinking gasoline, b Esophageal stricture after alkaline ingestion in a 2-year-old... 

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