Erythropoietin preparations

Qi, X.-R. Maitani, Y. Shimoda, N. Sakaguchi, K. Nagai, T. Evaluation of liposomal erythropoietin prepared with reverse-phase evaporation vesicle method by subcutaneous administration in rats. Chem.Pharm.Bull, 1995, 43, 295-299... 

Girard, M., Boucher, S., and Kane, A., Analysis of erythropoietin preparations obtained from various sources worldwide by capillary zone electrophoresis, in Proceedings of the 7th International symposium on capillary electrophoresis in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, Montreal, 2005. 

There are many examples of ELIS As used for detecting host cell impurities in the literature. Pauly et al.12 developed an ELISA to detect impurities in erythropoietin that had a detection limit of around 0.05 ng/ml. SDS polyacrylamide gel and Western blot analysis were used to confirm the spectrum of proteins detected and to demonstrate the specificity of the antibody preparation. Anicetti et al.14 describe an assay for the detection of E. coli proteins in recombinant DNA-derived human growth hormone. Whitmire and Eaton15 report on an immuno-ligand assay for quantitation of process-specific E. coli host cell contaminant proteins in a recombinant bovine somatotropin. 

Various amino acids are also used as stabilizing agents for some biopharmaceutical products (Table 3.24). Glycine is most often employed and it (as well as other amino acids) has been found to help stabilize various interferon preparations, as well as erythropoietin, factor VIII,... 

Iron deficiency anemia is treated with oral or parenteral iron preparations. Oral iron corrects the anemia just as rapidly and completely as parenteral iron in most cases if iron absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is normal. An exception is the high requirement for iron of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease who are undergoing hemodialysis and treatment with erythropoietin for these patients, parenteral iron administration is preferred. 

Peptides with up to 166 amino acids (aglycon of erythropoietin [34]) have been prepared using the Fmoc strategy on cross-linked polystyrene. The preparation of peptides containing several /V-methylamino acids (e.g. cyclosporine [35,36]) has also been successfully performed using Fmoc protection. Flowever, such difficult peptides require careful planning of the synthesis and often the use of special coupling techniques. 

Isoelectric focusing of different samples of rhEPO (recombinant human erythropoietin).The different profiles of isoforms are observed in the different preparations. Lane 3 international standard. 

Plasma volume expanders such as dextrans may be incompatible at acidic pH.60,70 Care must be exercised with dilutions. Crystals that are formed upon storage may be redissolved by gentle warming. Care must be exercised when preparing doses of recombinant human erythropoietin solution for neonates to maintain the necessary amount of carrier proteins in the formulation 232... 

The preparation methods for the glycoprotein antigens were varied. Myeloma protein was obtained from ascite fluid [25], The glucoamylase was from A niger [26], the erythropoietin was from recombinant hampster cells [27] and tumor glycoprotein was from colon tumor tissue [28]. 

Morlock, M., Kissel, T., Li, Y. X., Koll, H., and Winter, G. (1998), Erythropoietin loaded microspheres prepared from biodegradable LPLG-PEO-LPLG triblock copolymers Protein stabilization and in-vitro release properties, J. Controlled Release, 56,105-115. 

In other investigations by the author [3-5] an aldehyde terminated Step 4 analogue (I) was prepared and used as conjugates for T-20 polypeptide, human erythropoietin, and T1249 polypeptide, respectively. 

Preparation of Methoxypolyethylene Glycol-Butyl Amine-Erythropoietin... 

RG Kendall, et al. Storage and preparation of samples for erythropoietin radioimmunoassay. Clin Lab Haematol 13 189, 1991. 

Sodium ferric gluconate is a parenteral iron preparation, which provides iron to replenish hemoglobin and depleted iron stores. It is indicated in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis and supplemental erythropoietin. 

Lange, R.D. Andrews, R.B. Trent, D.J. Reyniers, J.R Draganac, P.S. Farkas, W.R. Preparation of purified erythropoietin by high performance liquid chromatography. Blood Cells, 1984, 10, 305-314... 

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