Erroneous indication

It must be taken into account that in all papers published between 1916 and 1922 the structure of methyldiarylpyrylium salts is erroneously indicated as a symmetrical 2,6-diarjd-4-methylpyrylium structure. The unsymmetrical structure (2,4-diaryl-6-methyl) was recognized by Gastaldi, then by Schneider and Ross, and finally by Dilthey and Fischer. ... 

Cumulative Feedback Inhibition In cumulative feedback inhibition, the end products can inhibit the reaction of the target enzyme separately. Many textbooks erroneously indicate that the cumulative feedback inhibition of E. coli glutamine synthetase involves separate regulatory sites for each feedback inhibitor. See Cumulative Feedback Inhibition... 

Some samplers incorporate an accumulated volume indicator such as a stroke-counter to permit correction for the above effects. However, time-of-day bias can occur if the exposure is not constant. A high contaminant level would be erroneously indicated if a high exposure occurred during the start of the sampling period rather than at the end. 

A routine method for determining relative crystallinity based on the amorphous bands in the spectrum has proved more rapid and precise than the x-ray method. In practice, the ratio of the 778 cm-1 (12.85 ft) and 2367 cm-1 (4.22 ft) band intensities is measured. Use of a ratio eliminates the thickness measurement and increases precision to about 1% at 50% crystallinity and considerably better at higher levels. A density measurement and an infrared crystallinity determination when combined give an estimate of the fraction of microvoids which can occur in molded specimens of polytetrafluoroethylene. The density of a sample is predicted on the basis of its crystallinity as measured by the infrared method and the difference between this density and the actual density measured by displacement in water is a measure of the microvoid content. This determination is precise to about 0,2% voids by volume. By the use of confirmatory infrared measurements, it is possible to check the possibility that the presence of a substantial percentage of voids may have led to erroneous indications of the molecular weight in the standard specific gravity test discussed earlier. 

Recent comparative studies on the various ionisation techniques in the case of POPAM dendrimers and POPAM dendrimers bearing peripheral sulphona-mide groups nevertheless show that both ionisation methods can erroneously indicate a sample composition which does not correspond to reality [39]. 

LVDTs are extremely reliable. As a rule, failures are limited to rare electrical faults which cause erratic or erroneous indications. An open primary winding will cause the indication to fail to some predetermined value equal to zero differential voltage. This normally corresponds to mid-stroke of the valve. A failure of either secondary winding will cause the output to indicate either full open or full closed. 

In the former case [Eq. (20)], the rate does depend on [M], Thus, kinetics alone may erroneously indicate that the covalent species D reacts directly with M (monomer), although it first ionizes to C. The latter case [Eq. (21)] results in zero-order kinetics in monomer. However, this may not happen in the polymerization process. If k-, < A 2[M], then once the ions C are generated, they can react many times with monomer before deactivation. Thus, the kinetics may be first order with respect to monomer and resemble a system with slow initiation and fast propagation. 

Tautomerism of 2,4-dihydroxyquinazoline was investigated using semiempirical MNDO, AMI, and PM3 methods (93KG1246). MNDO method erroneously indicated the predominance of the dihydroxy tautomer in the gas phase, whereas AMI and PM 3 methods predicted the predominance of the dioxo tautomer in agreement with the experimental findings. 

Pinel G, Mathieu S, Cesbron N, et al., Evidence that urinary excretion of thiouracil in adult bovine submitted to a cruciferous diet can give erroneous indications of the possible illegal use of thyrostats in meat production. Food Addit. Contam. 2006 10 974-980. 

If the pilot trasts the faulty airspeed indicator, there is grave danger of increasing pitch or reducing thrust or both to reduce the erroneous indicated airspeed. This could result in an aircraft stall. 

The particulate activity in the air will have been removed by the particulate monitor, so the Kanne chamber will detect the remaining gaseous activity. Ions already in the air upon entry into the detector are removed by the field between the HV electrode and the drum. This eliminates response to smoke or other possible materials that would cause erroneous indications. Ions produced while passing between the HV and signal electrodes will be collected and measured as an indication of gaseous radioactivity level. 

In the second method, the aimular space is operated at a vacuum. A process tube leak would be detected with a toxic gas sensor and/or a pressure transducer. This technique shares one disadvantage with the pressurized method and that is a leak in the containment tube would give an erroneous indication. However, a toxic gas sensor in the annular space in combination with a transducer would eliminate this ambiguity. 

Malfunction 3, malfunction (not operated) 1, halt/lock 3, erroneous indication 1, others 4, unknown 1, total 13... 

Erroneous indication A display where a difference of scale exists between the actual and displayed values (AMC to CS25.1309). 

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