Erbium luminescence

Strong erbium luminescence with a full-width at half-maximum of 100 nm is also generated by the ternary complex [Er(pos)3phen] upon excitation in the ancillary ligand band at 333 nm. With respect to direct Er111 excitation into the 2Hn/2 level at 520 nm, the photoluminescence signal increases by a factor 20 (Van Deun et al., 2004b). 

Van Deun, R., Nockemann, P, Gbrller-Walrand, C., and Binnemans, K. (2004) Strong erbium luminescence in the near-infrared telecommunication window. Chemical Physics Letters, 397, 447. 

For our purposes, it is interesting to note that the perovskite ErAlo.9Cro.1O3 emits the continuous spectrum of Cr(III) without the red and green Er(III) bands in spite of the fact that the aqueous solution has e of erbium(III) at 5230 A equal to 3.2 to be compared with a-tenth of e, 1.3 of chromium(III) at 5750 A. The absorption spectrum of the nitrate solution is even more striking in a spectroscope, because the transitions of Er(III) are so much narrower. Quite generally, Cr(III) seems to be very effective to prevent narrow band luminescence of the lanthanides. 

The modem silicon-based microelectronics led to the miniaturization of electronic devices. However, delays caused by metallic intercoimec-tions became a bottleneck for the improvement of their performances. One possible solution of this problem is to use optical intercoimections for the transfer of information, and, therefore, silicon compatible materials and devices that are able to generate, guide, amplify, switch, modulate, and detect light are needed. Rare earth silicates with luminescent rare earths and compatibility with silicon may be a good choice for these applications (Miritello et al., 2007). Miritello et al. presented the study on nanocrystalline erbium silicate thin films fabricated on silicon/silica substrates. The obtained films exhibit strong photoluminescence emission around 1540 nm with room temperature excitation by 488 ran Ar laser. 

Figure3.12 Structures of (a) [Eu2L6(H20)4] (EIL = r-nitrobenzoic acid) and (b) [Er2L6(H20)3] (HE = trichloroacetic acid) [RE, black (large balls) N and Cl black (small balls) O, grey C, white H, omitted]. (Redrawn from the CIF files of Ad. Bettencourt-Dias and S. Viswanathan, Nitro-functionalization and luminescence quantum yield of Eu(III) and Tb(III) benzoic acid complexes, Dalton Transactions, 4093 103, 2006 [66] andT. Imai and A. Ouchi, The structure of x-aquabis( jL-trichloroacetato) bis[aquabis(trichloroacetato)erbium(in)] hydrate, [[Er(CCl3C02)2(H20)]2(CCl3C02)2(H20)] -nH20, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 60 (1), 408 10, 1987 [68].)...

Wang, H., Qian, G, Wang, M., et al. (2004) Enhanced luminescence of an erbium (III) ion-association ternary complex with a near-infrared dye. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108, 8084-8088. 

Functionalized organic dyes with polyaminocarboxylate have been widely utilized as feasible sensitizers to afford visible region excitation for sensitization of NIR lanthanide luminescence [36 5]. Verhoeven and coworkers [36, 37] first prepared a series of neodymium(III), erbium(III), and ytterbium(III) complexes with polyaminocarboxylate-functionalized fluorescein (21) and eosin (22) as sensitizing chromophores. These complexes show sensitized NIR... 

Werts, M.H.V, Hofstraat, J.W., Geurts, F.A.J., and Verhoeven, J.W. (1997) Huorescein and eosin as sensitizing chromophores in near-infrared luminescent ytterbium(lll), neodymium(lll) and erbium(lll) chelates. Chemical Physics Letters, 276, 196. 

Oh, J.B., Kim, Y.H., Nah, M.K., and Kim, H.K. (2005) Inert and stable erbium(Ill)-cored complexes based on metalloporphyrins bearing aryl-ether dendron for ophcal amphficahon synthesis and emission enhancement. Journal of Luminescence, 111, 255. 

Song, L., Wang, Q., Tang, D., etal. (2007) Crystal structure and near-infrared luminescence properties of novel binuclear erbium and erbium-ytterbium cocrystalline complexes. New Journal of Chemistry, 31, 506. 

Van Deun et al. were the first to observe near-infrared luminescence from lanthanide-doped liquid crystal mixtures They studied the spectroscopic properties of the lanthanide(III) / -diketonate complexes [L (dbm)3(phen)], where Ln = neodymium, erbium, ytterbium, and dbm is dibenzoylmethane, in the liquid crystal MBBA. By incorporation of an erbium(III)-doped nematic liquid crystal (ErCls dissolved in E7) in the pores of microporous silicon, narrowing of the erbium(III) emission band in the near-infrared was observedJ Luminescent optically active liquid crystals were obtained by doping [Eu(tta)3-3H20] into a mixture of cho-lesteryl nonanoate, cholesteryl tetradecanoate and the ternary liquid crystal mixture ZLI1083 from MerckJ ... 

The commercially important samarium-containing minerals are treated with concentrated sulfuric acid or, in the case of monazite, with a solution of sodium hydroxide (73%) at approximately 40°C (104°E) and under pressure. The element is separated from the solutions via solvent extraction or ion exchange. Sm salts are weakly yellow and may exhibit ion emission. Sm ions show luminescence and are sometimes used to generate lasers. Samarium is used in the manufacture of headphones and tape drivers, see ALSO Cerium Dysprosium Erbium Europium Gadolinium Holmium Lanthanum Lutetium Neodymium Praseodymium Promethium Terbium Ytterbium. 

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