Epoxide reaction with

Friedel-Crafts. 2-Phenylpropanol results from the catalytic (AlCl, FeCl, or TiCl reaction of ben2ene and propylene oxide at low temperature and under anhydrous conditions (see Friedel-CRAFTS reactions). Epoxide reaction with toluene gives a mixture of 0-, m- and -isomers (75,76). 

Table 1 Results of the alkene epoxidation reactions with fluorinated (salen)Mn complexes under biphasic conditions ...

Condensation of that intermediate with epichlorohydrin in the presence of a catalytic amount of piperidine affords the chlorohydrin 213, admixed with some epoxide. Reaction with tertiary butylamine completes construction of the propanolamine side chain. Displacement of the remaining halogen atom of 214 with morpholine under more strenuous conditions affords timolol (215). ... 

The asymmetric epoxidation reaction with polyleucine as catalyst may be applied to a wide range of a, 3-unsaturated ketones. Table 4.1 shows different chalcone derivatives that can be epoxidized with poly-L-leucine. The substrate range included dienes and tctracncs151. Some other examples were reported in a previous edition161 and by M. Lastcrra-Sanchcz171. 

High-level calculations of aUtene epoxidation reactions with peroxyformic acid, HO—O (C=0)H, which is isoelectronic with peroxynitrous acid [HO—0(N=0)], have indicated... 

In 2002, Wu and Tatsumi reported on the high fraw5-selectivity in epoxidation reactions with Ti-MWW (also known as MCM-22), a titanosilicate that contains both medium and... 

Chromium complexes in general are poor catalysts for the epoxidation of alkenes with TBHP due to the decomposition of the oxygen donor with formation of molecnlar oxygen . Epoxidation reactions with this metal are known with other oxygen transfer agents than peroxides (e.g. iodosylbenzene) and will not be discnssed here. 

SCHEME 83. Catalytic cycle of the epoxidation reaction with Noyori s catalytic system... 

Recently, Crousse and coworkers reported that new fluoro ketones serve as efficient catalysts for the epoxidation reactions with Oxone in hexafluoropropan-2-ol (HFIP) (equation 46). ... 

These complexes are effective catalysts in epoxidation reactions with H2O2 and alkyl hydroperoxides. Several detailed mechanistic studies have been carried out in particular, it has been shown that, when the alkyl chain contains a double bond, no autoepoxidation is observed both in the solid state and in solution. Nevertheless, if f-BuOOH is added, the epoxidation of the olefinic moiety immediately takes place. Therefore, it has been suggested that these complexes are not the active species in the oxygen transfer step to the substrate, but they behave as catalysts for the primary peroxidic oxidant. On the basis of kinetic, spectroscopic and theoretical studies, the authors provided a mechanism, whose key steps are sketched in Scheme 12. In this context a major role appears to be played by the fluxionality of the particular ligands used . ... 

Enzyme chemistry, 291 Enzyme substrate, 291 Epoxides, reaction with sulfur dioxide, 78-79... 

In the epoxidation reactions with H202 or organic hydroperoxides catalyzed by group IV-VI metals, the active oxidizing species act as electophiles. The reactivity is determined by the electron density at the double bond, which... 

---