Enzymes surfactants

Surfactants have been used to solubilise lipases in organic solvents (Okahata and Mori, 1997). One method starts with mixing aqueous solutions of the surfactant and the enzyme. The enzyme-surfactant complex precipitates and can subsequently be dissolved in organic media. Several surfactants have been tested and especially good results have been obtained with dialkyl glucosyl glutamates. In one case it was shown that the complex consisted of one enzyme molecule surrounded by approximately 150 surfactant molecules. 

Furthermore, prolonged transmission of far-UV radiation leads to degradation of the fiber and increasing opacity whilst fouling of the external surface of the fiber by some media components e.g., enzymes, surfactants etc. can be a problem in some cases. 

Lever Bros.) bleach precursor, enzymes, surfactants, or perfumes active particles in a clear gel... 

Basic solution of ammonia, enzymes, surfactants, glycol ethers and water for removing stains originating from blood, albumin, starch, and pigments. 

Sol-gel films can be used to immobilize biomolecules. For example, Dong etal. developed thin sol-gel films on electrodes in which enzymes horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and glucose oxidase (GOD) were used to determine enzyme substrates [12]. A vapor-deposition sol-gel process [13] featuring a thin film of aqueous HRP solution into which titanium isopropoxide vapor was diffused to form a Ti02 sol-gel film incorporating HRP prevented denaturation of the enzyme. Surfactants were used in preparation of sol-gel films incorporating redox proteins on electrodes to improve porosity and electrochemical and catalytic performance [14]. 

Lipases are really a bright illustration of the enzyme-surfactant cooperation. They start working at temperatures at which fat solubilization by surfactants is low. The enzymatic reaction releases a mixture of diglycerides, monoglycerides, and glycerol (Fig. 5), which are all less hydrophobic than the original fatty material and are more easily removed by the surfactants. Also, because of the alkaline conditions, the fatty acid molecules gen-... 

Prespotter formulations may contain enzymes, surfactants, petroleum distillates, and other chemicals. With flammability and low volatility as an environmental issue, these products needed to be reformulated. 

Enzyme Surfactant type Biocatalytic Role Reference... 

---