Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays characterization

Antiphospholipid antibodies include lupus anticoagulants (LAs) and anticardi-olipin (aCL) antibodies. Lupus anticoagulants are immunoglobulins that are characterized by their ability to inhibit phospholipid-dependent coagulation assays. In contrast, aCL antibodies are measured in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay... 

The CML is the most characterized AGE and is referred to as a glycoxidation product. The inhibitory effects of C-glycosylflavones on the CML formation were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in kidney diabetic subjects. The results showed that the percent inhibition was about 53% for chrysoeriol 6-C-boivinosyl 7-0-glucoside, 64% for chrysoeriol 6-C-boivinosyl, 80%i chrysoeriol 6-C-fucosyl, and only 2% for 4"-OH-3 -methox-ymaysin versus 60%i for the standard glycation inhibitor, aminoguanidine. 

Wolbers R, Landrey G (1987) The use of direct reactive fluorescent dyes for the characterization of binding media in cross sectional examinations. Preprints of 15th Annual Meeting of the American Institute for Conservation and Artistic Works, Vancouver, 168-202. Heginbotham A, Millay V, Quick M (2006) The use of immunofluorescence microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as complementary techniques for protein identification in artist s materials. J Am Inst Conserv 45 89-105. 

The use of europium chelates, with their unusually long fluorescence decay times, as labels for proteins and antibodies has provided techniques that are referred to as time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays (TRFIA). Fluorophores as labels for biomolecules will be the topic of Sect. 3. Nevertheless, TRFIAs always have to compete with ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) techniques, which are characterized by their great versatility and sensitivity through an enzyme-driven signal amplification. Numerous studies have been published over the past two decades which compare both analytical methods, e.g., with respect to the detection of influenza viruses or HIV-1 specific IgA antibodies [117,118]. Lanthanide luminescence detection is another new development, and Tb(III) complexes have been applied, for instance, as indicators for peroxidase-catalyzed dimerization products in ELISAs [119]. 

The first and the second NCL gave the desired glycosylpolypeptide and subsequent oxidative folding yielded MCP-3. The glycosylpolypeptide thus obtained was treated with 50mM NaOH solution for lOmin to remove the Bn groups from the sialic acid residues to afford MCP-3, which was characterized by mass spectrometry, HPLC, circular dichroism (CD), disulfide mapping, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 

The initial emphasis in analytical biotechnology was on broad safety concerns that translated into detection of host-cell components such as DNA, endotoxins, Escherichia colt proteins, and retroviral contamination.2 The detection of these impurities requires development of high-sensitivity assays that are based primarily on antibodies [e.g., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for E. coli proteins) or radioactivity (e.g., dot-blot assays for DNA detection). New developments are focused on low-sensitivity detection, characterization, and removal of undesirable target sequence variants. Bioseparations play an important role even after a product has been isolated and shown to contain a low level of contaminants for initiation of clinical studies. The focus shifts to achievement of a reproducible, large-scale manufacturing process. At this stage, analytical methods provide essential informa-... 

Heppell, S.A. and C.V. Sullivan. Gag (Mycteroperca microlepis) vitellogenin purification, characterization and use for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of female maturity in three species of grouper. Fish Physiol. Biochem. 20 361—374, 1999. 

Antibodies can be used for a variety of applications in the molecular characterization of receptors and receptor-hgand interactions. Antibodies can be used for the detection of receptors in tissue shces. Western blot experiments [48], or ELISAs (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) [49]. They can also be used in competition experiments to map the binding epitope of a hgand [50]. Even though the use of antibodies is routine, fhere is no general protocol for fheir generation. 

The reverse capture autoantibody microarray is based on the dual-antibody sandwich immunoassay of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (see Fig. 1). The basic platform consists of a glass microarray slide arrayed with 1000 highly specific well-characterized monoclonal antibodies against 500 unique antigens. These antibodies are used to immobilize native proteins. Because the reagents used in the procedure are non-denaturing, antigens are... 

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