Enzyme-immobilized microchip

Sakai-Kato, K., Kato, M., Ishihara, K. and Toyo-oka, T. (2004) An enzyme immobilization method for integration of biofunctions on a microchip using a water-soluble amphiphilic phospholipid polymer having a reacting group. Lab on a Chip, 4, 4—6. 

Xu Q, Zhu JJ, Hu XY (2007) Ordered mesoporous polyanifine film as a new matrix for enzyme immobilization and biosensor construction. Anal Chun Acta 597(1) 151—156 Yakovleva J, Davidsson R, Lobanova A et ak (2002) Enzyme immunoassay using silicon microchip with immobilized antibodies and chemiluminescence detection. Antd Chem 74(13) 2994—3004 Yamada H, Kobayashi M (1996) Nitrile hydiatase and its application to industrial production of acrylamide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 60 1391—1400 Yamamoto K, Ohgam T, Torimura M et al. (2000) Highly-sensitive flow injection determination of hydrogen peroxide with a peroxidase-immobilized electrode and its application to clinical chemistry. Anal Chim Acta 40(2) 201—207... 

Liu, Y., Lu, H., Zhong, W., Song, R, Kong, J., Yang, R, Girault, H.H., Liu, B., Multilayer-assembled microchip for enzyme immobilization as reactor toward low-level protein identification. Anal. Chem.,... 

Liu Y, Lu H, Zhong W, Song P, Kong J, Yang P, Girault HH, Liu B (2006) Multilayer-Assembled Microchip for Enzyme Immobilization as Reactor Toward Low-Level Protein Identification. Anal Chem 78(3) 801-808... 

Immobilization Approaches in Chip-based Microlluidic Systems There are a number of strategies for enzyme immobilization on channels or microchip such as covalent attachment to the activated support, physical adsorption of the protein onto a solid matrix, and copolymerization of the protein with polymers [77]. 

The preparation of an easily replaceable protease microreactor for microchip application was described by Bilkova and colleagues [83]. The most important advantage of microsphere-packed microchip bioreactors is that the enzyme-immobilized microspheres in the channel can be replaced. Magnetic particles coated with... 

A report by Liu and coworkers described layer-by-layer (LBL) coatings that have been assembled on the inner surfaces of the microchip [90]. Natural polysaccharides, positively charged chitosan (CS), and negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) were multilayer-assembled onto the surface of a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) microfluidic chip to form a microstructured and biocompatible network for enzyme immobilization. Trypsin was adsorbed in the multilayer membrane composed of CS/HA assembled multilayers. The resulting peptide analysis has been carried out by MALDI-TOF-MS. The maximum proteolytic velocity of the adsorbed trypsin was 600 mM/min/[ig, thousands of times faster than that in solution. BSA, MYO, and Cyt-c were used as model substrates for the tryptic digestion. The standard proteins were identifled at a low femtomole per analysis at a concentration of 0.5 ng/pl with the digestion time <5 s. This simple technique may offer a potential solution for low-level protein analysis. 

Henares et al. [210] developed a multiple enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) chip by using capillary-assembled microchip (CAs-CHIP), which involved simple embedding of a 2 to 3 mm length of square capillaries possessing valving and immunoreaction functions into the microchannels fabricated on a PDMS substrate. The authors immobilized different anti-IgGs... 

Yakovleva, J., Davidsson, R., Lobanova, A., Bengtsson, M., Eremin, S., Laurell, T., Emneus, J., Microfluidic enzyme immunoassay using silicon microchip with immobilized antibodies and chemiluminescence detection. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74(13), 2994-3004. 

Rong, W., Kutter, J.P., On-line chemiluminescence detection of bioprocesses using polymer-based microchips with immobilized enzymes. Micro Total Analysis Systems, Proceedings 5th pTAS Symposium, Monterey, CA, Oct. 21-25, 2001, 181-182. 

Melander, C., MomcUovic, D., Nilsson, C., Bengtsson, M., Schagerlof, H., Tjemeld, R, Laurell, T., Reimann, C.T., Gorton, L., Microchip immobilized enzyme reactors for hydrolysis of methyl cellulose. 

Luo G, Chen Y, Siuzdak G, Vertes A (2005) Surface modification and laser pulse length effects on internal energy transfer in DIOS. J Phys Chem B 109 24450-24456 Melander C, Momcilovic D, Nilsson C, Bengtsson M, Schagerlof H, Tjemeld F, Laurell T, Reimann CT, Gorton L (2005) Microchip immobilized enzyme reactors for hydrolysis of methyl cellulose. Anal Chem 77 3284-3291... 

Table 10.1 Immobilized-enzyme reactors (IMERs) in microchips and their applications in proteolysis.

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