Enzymatic saccharification

For lactic acid fermentation of bean curd refuse with simultaneous saccharification, it is found that the pretreatment of the substrate using 0.1 or 0.2 mol/l HCl aqueous solution with heating at niTi for 30 min efficiently solubilized the raw material and significantly enhanced the enzymatic saccharification followed by the lactic acid fermentation. The amount of initial load of bean curd refiise in dried state could be increased up to 75 g/1 in a batch fermentation, and the finally attained lactic acid yield and its concentration were as high as 87.0% and 45.8 g/1, respectively. 

Ozone has recently become industrially available at low cost. From the point of view of the development of complete wood utilization, the pretreatment of wood with ozone enhances the yield of glucose by enzymatic saccharification. Ozonized lignin is thereby obtained as a by-product. 

G. Konieczny-Janda and G. Richter, Progress in the Enzymatic Saccharification of Wheat Starch, Starch/StArke 43, no. 8,1991, pp. 308—315. 

Clanet M, Durand H, Tiraby G. Enzymatic saccharification of municipal wastes. Biotechnol Bioeng 1988 32 930-934. 

Leathers, T. D. (1993). Enzymatic saccharification of corn fiber. 206th National Meeting, Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Agric. Food Chem., Chicago, IL, Abstract 44. 

Li, C. Z., Yoshimoto, M., Ogata, H., Tsukuda, N., Fukunaga, K., and Nakao, K. 2005. Effects of ultrasonic intensity and reactor scale on kinetics of enzymatic saccharification of various waste papers in continuously irradiated stirred tanks. Ultrasonics Sonochem.,12, 373-384. 

Saha, B. C. 2006c. Production of mannitol from inuhn by simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and fermentation with Lactobacillus intermedius NRRL B-3693. Enz. Microb. Technol., 39, 991-995. 

Water used in this supercritical state behaves very differently from water under normal pressure and temperare." In such a supercritical state, the water can be expected to act as an acid or base, but by returning the system to ordinary conditions before pyrolysis occurs, glucose and its derivatives could be obtained in water from cellulose. Therefore, supercritical water treatment can be superior to enzymatic saccharification or oidinaiy acid hydrolysis mentioned above, for the chemical conversion of biomass to useful chemicals. 

Enzymatic Saccharification of Cellulose in Semi-and Continously Agitated Systems... 

Figure 14. Effect of order of heating and milling of Solka Floe on its enzymatic saccharification...

Dien, B. S., Jung, H. J. G., Vogel, K. P., Casler, M. D., Lamb, J. F. S Iten, L et al. (2006). Chemical composition and response to dilute-acid pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of alfalfa, reed canarygrass, and switchgrass. Biomass Bioenergy, 30, 880-891. 

Table 2. Enzymatic saccharification of fine celbdose in concentrated Trichoderma...

Table 3. Enzymatic saccharification of milled rice (Das, 1969) hulls in cellulase from various sources...

Fig. 6. Glucose and cellobiose inhibition of enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. <25p cellulose (Solka Floe) in 10 ml tubes, agitated, O-O-O-O-control, A-A-A-A-control + 5mg/ml of cellobiose, - - -control +10 mg/ml of d-glucose. Reaction time —10 min. Temp. — 50° C, Cellulase —1.86 FP...

Table 4. Inhibition of enzymatic saccharification in presence of cellobiose and glucose...

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