Enzymatic acylation, sugar fatty acid

Enzymatic solvent-free synthesis of sugar fatty acid esters was first reported by Adelhorst et al. [32] who performed regioselective acylation of... 

This amphoteric surfactant, 0-oleoyl-L-homoserine, could be expected to have some characteristic properties different from those of nonionic food emulsifiers, such as monoglycerides and sugar esters. It may be safe for humans after digestion by pancreatic lipase, for two reasons (1) O-acyl-L-homo-serine is synthesized by an enzymatic process and can be hydrolyzed into fatty acids and L-homoserine by the digestive organs (2) L-homoserine is a naturally occurring amino acid and is distributed in plants, especially in germinating pea seeds [97],... 

The use of proteins as raw material for personal and home care products has been known for more than 60 years [58]. Both animal (e.g. leather waste) and plant-based proteins are available as raw materials. Nowadays mostly plant-based proteins (e.g. from wheat, soya bean, rice, peas) are used. Typically the natural proteins are degraded by hydrolysis (either chemically or enzymatically) and the respective protein hydrolysates are obtained. After purification and work-up they are used for skin and hair care formulations. The main claims are protection and care for hair and skin. Subsequent quarternization of the protein hydrolysates leads to products with high substantivity and conditioning effects, whereas acylation of the protein hydrolysates with fatty acids results in protein surfactants, the so-called protein fatty acid condensates. In the latter case, as already described for the sugar-based surfactants, the products are based completely on natural raw materials, namely fatty acids (from vegetable oil) and the protein or protein hydrolysate as the hydrophilic part in the surfactant molecule (Figure 4.6). The... 

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