Environmental analysis semivolatile organic compound

EPA. 1986d. Capillary column analysis of semivolatile organic compounds by gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared (GC/FTIR) spectrometry-method 8410. In Test methods for evaluating solid waste. SW-846. Washington, DC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency... 

SPME can be used to extract semivolatile organics from environmental waters and biological matrices as long as the sample is relatively clean. Extraction of semivolatile organic compounds by SPME from dirty matrices is more difficult [134], One strategy for analyzing semivolatiles from dirty matrices is to heat the sample to drive the compound into the sample head-space for SPME sampling another approach is to rinse the fiber to remove nonvolatile compounds before analysis [134],... 

EPA. 1984d. Method 1625 Revision B - Semivolatile organic compounds by isotope dilution gc/ms. Methods for organic chemical analysis of municipal and industrial wastewater. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. 40 CFR 136, Appendix A. 

Microwave-assisted desorption coupled to in situ headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was first proposed as a possible alternative pretreatment of samples collected from workplace monitoring. Therefore, pretreatment that takes a short time and uses little or no organic solvents has led to the recent development of a new extraction technique. Solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with GC analysis has been used successfully to analyze pollutants in environmental matrices. MHS has been developed to achieve one-step, in situ headspace sampling of semivolatile organic compounds in aqueous samples, vegetables, and soil [7, 55-58]. 

Soxhlet extraction is one of the most conventional techniques for extraction of organic compounds from solid matrices. It was applied early to the analysis of DEP and other phthalate esters in sediments and soils, using different extraction solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane or even acetonitrile, and is still considered as the reference method for the extraction of semivolatile compounds from solid environmental samples. The major disadvantages to Soxhlet extraction are length of time and consumption of solvent. 

The growing importance of this technique in the field of environmental analysis is emphasized by the appearance of first CE methods that are applicable to routine problems such as the determination of polar volatiles, most semivolatiles, nonvolatiles (e.g., herbicides), inorganic cations, inorganic anions, and natural organic matter (NOM). Most of the compounds determined by CE in different environmental matrices are shown in Table 1. 

SW-846 (13). These methods were published as a part of RCRA and include inorganic and organic analysis. Gas chromatographic methods for the determination of volatile and semivolatile compounds, pesticides, and PCBs using a variety of detectors are listed. These methods were last updated in 1996 and make use of the capillary column. Environmental laboratories use these methods very heavily for regulatory purposes. 

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