Waterlogged environments

In practice, procedures such as described in 3) would be carried out over different periods of time, and at varying pH and temperature. Environments most expected to contain methylotrophs are swampy areas, where methane would be produced and then be oxidised to methanol. The organism finally chosen for the process we are considering here was isolated from a waterlogged soccer pitch ... 

S. Sehmidt and G. R. Stewart, Waterlogging and fire impacts on nitrogen availability and utilization in a subtropical wet heathland (wallum). Plani Cell Environ. 20 1231 (1997). 

It used to be thought that the survival of organic remains was only to be expected in a limited number of unusual preservational environments, such as extreme aridity, cold, or waterlogging, or as a result of deliberate action such as mummification. With more sensitive analytical techniques, however, the preservation of a wide range of biomolecules has now been demonstrated in a much wider range of far less exceptional archaeological contexts. 

Salinity occurs in coastal areas affected by seawater, in areas receiving salty water by lateral flow from salt-bearing rocks upstream, and also in otherwise non-saline environments as a result of soil waterlogging, mainly due to high ground water. In waterlogged land, whatever dissolved salt is brought in with the... 

Finally, underwater and waterlogged environments require a complete chemical analysis of the water (pH, content of ionic species, etc.), as well as the determination of its physical properties (temperature, density, conductivity). 

Sulfate reduction can take place in waterlogged soils, especially environments such as paddy fields. Soils with high sulfate content, particularly as a result of input of seawater, can over time accumulate large concentrations of sulfide through sulfate reduction. When these soils are exposed to air, they can become acidic through the production... 

Histosols Organic-rich soils with thick, peaty horizons formed in low-lying permanently waterlogged areas. Typical of cool swamp environments. 

What is the sequence of oxidation/reduction reactions of species of N, C, Mn, S, Fe, H, and O encountered in water at pH = 7, as it moves from an aerated environment to an organic-rich waterlogged one ... 

Until recently it has been assumed that sulfate-reducing bacteria always required a strictly anaerobic environment. These environments are found in deep coastal-plain areas, oil-field brines, and in black (organic-rich), waterlogged soils and muds associated with rivers, lakes, and swamps. Sulfate reduction has also been observed in local microenvironments such as those created by the decay of a fish buried in otherwise oxidizing sediments (Berner 1971). Contrary to traditional belief, active sulfate reduction has also been observed in the presence of dissolved oxygen in the photosynthetic zone of microbial mats (Canfield and Des Marais 1991). 

Reburial of waterlogged wood in the marine environment is now becoming increasingly common practice in managing wooden historic wrecks in situ, predominantly due to the prohibitive conservation costs. Remedial strategies that are appropriate and cost-effective are fundamental pre-requisites for the successful long-term management of underwater wreck sites. 

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