Entropy driver

Temperature has a minor influence on the phase diagram entropy gain is the main driver of complex coacervation, due to concomitant release of bound counterions into solution by the interacting charged biopolymers, which increases the solution entropy. 

Drinks mix office desks clutter decks of cards shuffle entropy is the natural tendency toward disorder. Entropy has also been called the tax that nature charges. Entropy has also been called the universal death sentence. But entropy is not just a philosophical construct or a pessimistic outlook. It is a real driver for physical processes and does indeed weigh in as a determinant in the fate of the universe. 

DHTDMAC is dispersed in water as vesicles, in which fatty chains are sheltered from the solvent. Upon dilution, a modification of the vesicle structure causes the deposition of the DHTDMAC molecules onto the available solid surfaces. Coating cotton by quaternaries leads to the release in the bulk of many water molecules initially interacting with cellulose. As a result, the system entropy increases. This phenomenon is known as hydrophobic interaction. Consequently, the driver of the softener deposition is the hydrophobic ejection out of the aqueous phase and the resulting huge increase of the system entropy. 

Steam turbines are commonly used as process drivers. The theoretical rate in Ib/kWh for steam turbine is determined from MoIUer charts following a constant entropy path. The actual steam rate is calculated by theoretical steam rate divided by turbine efficiency. The discussions on Mollier charts and calculation examples are presented in Chapter 15. 

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