Entrapment as a Pre-and Post-Immobilization Strategy

FIGURE 11.2 Schematic representation of the effect of pH on the adsorption of alcohol dehydrogenase on diamond nanoparticles. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. [21]. Copyright 2012, Elsevier.) 

In the field of biosensors, the benefits of diverse pre- and post-immobilization treatments on the activity and stability of enzymes are well known [23-27]. The 

ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION FOR BIOLOGICAL FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS 

A novel application for ionic hquids in the preparation of functional materials has also served as a pre-immobilization strategy for a robust laccase electrode. In this case, the enzyme was first adsorbed to an ioiuc liquid-functionalized cellulose acetate that was then incorporated into a carbon paste electrode. The approach served to produce a device with acceptable levels of accuracy for methyldopa determination in pharmaceutical samples. In a similar manner, microencapsulation of laccase from T. versicolor in polyethylenimine (PEI) was demonstrated as a prior treatment for creating a coating on a paper support. Although first attempts showed a deleterious effect of PEI on laccase because of negative conformafional changes that reduced the activity of the encapsulated enzyme [28], optimized microencapsulation conditions resulted in superior stabihty compared with free enzyme [27]. 

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