Enterprise Resource Planning ERP

These are software packages that can be configured according to users needs, e.g. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Full life cycle validation is required. 

This section describes two examples of IT applications that require their supporting networks to be validated. The first example describes a Manufacturing Execution System (MLS) based on a LAN and the second example describes an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) application that uses a WAN. 

Seppala, J., Basson, L., Norris, G.A. Decision analysis frameworks for life-cycle impact assessment. Journal of Industrial Ecology 5, 45-68 (2001) Shanks, G., Seddon, P. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. Journal of Information Technology 15, 243-244 (2000)... 

IS refers to the software packages and databases that provide the functionality to implement the business processes. These include such packages as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES), Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS) and Maintenance Management Systems. 

A hierarchy of systems can be considered to consist of OCS, MBS, and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems (Figure 6.1). The issue of where individual systems implement particular functions in the hierarchy becomes blurred. As applications become more distributed, the ability to interchange data in a simple, low cost and validatable manner will become even more important. Open applications will therefore cover applications ranging across these three layers. 

This chapter is concerned with the validation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in the pharmaceuticals industry and seeks to establish a project model whereby the objectives of validation become embodied in the objectives of project implementation. 

This chapter presents the audit experience of SAP, one of the world s leading IT (information technology) software product suppliers. SAP is renowned for its R/3 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software. The R/3 product is typical of what is commonly referred to as standard software. 

Today, when software vendors and consultants talk about enterprise tools they are referring to a class of tools that are frequently referred to as enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. ERP is a term used by the industry to refer to a collection of applications or modules that can be used to manage the whole business. ERP software describes the class of prepackaged software applications that can be configured and modified for a specific business to create an ERP system. Here we use the term ERP interchangeably with the term enterprise tools. ERP software or packages are defined here as ... 

The last group encompasses standard software systems, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems like those from SAP, Baan, or Oracle. ERP systems offer greater flexibility with respect to customization, provide support for data management, and include functionality for creating and managing a (sub)repository. The main weakness is in active analysis of business structures—that is, ERP tools typically do not offer tools for simulation process alternatives. 

Currently, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software is normally used as the key application software in MIS. Many commercial ERP software products are on the market, such as SAP R/3, developed by SAP, and BaanERP, developed by Baan. 

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