Engineering property, rheology

Popov VL, Fridman ML (1981) Rheological and engineering properties of filled polymeric materials. NIITEKhim, Moscow... 

VI. Applications of Rheology in Characterizing Engineering Properties of Foods... 

VI. APPLICATIONS OF RHEOLOGY IN CHARACTERIZING ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF FOODS... 

Design formulas for plastics engineers , Natti S. Rao Hanser Gardner Pubis (1991) ISBN 1569900841. The formulas in this book are classified for specific areas, including rheology, thermodynamic properties, heat transfer, plastic and part type. 

An understanding of non-Newtonian behaviour is important to the chemical engineer from two points of view. Frequently, non-Newtonian properties are desirable in that they can confer desirable properties on the material which are essential if it is to fulfil the purpose for which it is required. The example of paint has already been given. Toothpaste should not flow out of the tube until it is squeezed and should stay in place on the brush until it is applied to the teeth. The texture of foodstuffs is largely attributable to rheology. 

To address these challenges, chemical engineers will need state-of-the-art analytical instruments, particularly those that can provide information about microstmctures for sizes down to atomic dimensions, surface properties in the presence of bulk fluids, and dynamic processes with time constants of less than a nanosecond. It will also be essential that chemical engineers become familiar with modem theoretical concepts of surface physics and chemistry, colloid physical chemistry, and rheology, particrrlarly as it apphes to free surface flow and flow near solid bormdaries. The application of theoretical concepts to rmderstanding the factors controlling surface properties and the evaluation of complex process models will require access to supercomputers. 

In this chapter we have discussed the thermodynamic formation of blends and their behavior. Both miscible and immiscible blends can be created to provide a balance of physical properties based on the individual polymers. The appropriate choice of the blend components can create polymeric materials with excellent properties. On the down side, their manufacture can be rather tricky due to rheological and thermodynamic considerations. In addition, they can experience issues with stability after manufacture due to phase segregation and phase growth. Despite these complications, they offer polymer engineers and material scientists a broad array of materials to meet many demanding application needs. 

Lewicki, P.P. and Lukaszuk, A. 2000. Effect of osmotic dewatering on rheological properties of apple subjected to convective drying. J. Food Engineer. 45, 119-126. 

A1 Ghatta, H. and Cobror, S Polyester resins having improved rheological properties, US Patent 5 776 994 (to Sinco Engineering SpA, Italy), 1998. 

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