Energy density, definition

For example, the definition of a system as 10.0 g FI2O at 10.0°C at an applied pressure p= 1.00 atm is sufficient to specify that the water is liquid and that its other properties (energy, density, refractive index, even non-thennodynamic properties like the coefficients of viscosity and themial condnctivify) are uniquely fixed. 

Thermodynamic Properties The variation in solvent strength of a supercritical fluid From gaslike to hquidlike values may oe described qualitatively in terms of the density, p, or the solubihty parameter, 6 (square root of the cohesive energy density). It is shown For gaseous, hquid, and SCF CO9 as a function of pressure in Fig. 22-17 according to the rigorous thermodynamic definition ... 

It is customary to separate xc into two parts, a pure exchange and a correlation part although it is not clear that this is a valid assumption (cf. the above discussion of the definition of exchange and correlation). Each of these energies is often written in terms of the energy per particle (energy density), and c-... 

Figure 1. Conceptual product definitions of enzyme-based biofuel cells as they are compared in their specific energy and energy density to the existing primary battery technology. Based on Figure 2 of ref 15. Reproduced with permission. Copyright 1999 The Electrochemical Society, Inc.

Figure 1 Juxtaposes the energy fields of these three potential product definitions with that of conventional primary battery technology. The data on the energy densities for the battery product definitions were adopted from a recent technology review. The expected energy performance figures for biofuel cells...

Orbit is reached by optimization of the energy density functional through inter-orbit jumping. This process, which is illustrated in Fig. 7 by means of a sequence of arrows, is discussed in detail below. The inter-orbit jumping process is repeated until one finally reaches orbit This is the orbit where, by definition, one finds the exact ground state wavefunction that satisfies the Schrodinger equation = El Pl. For this reason, we call this the... 

A molar activation energy EA of diffusion is defined as the product EA = wl eRTc, with the critical temperature, Tc, of the system. This definition takes into account the connection between the interaction terms of the model, w, and w/e and IS units, as shown in section 6.3.4. At the critical temperature, Tc, a pure translational amount, w,-w, e, of the relative energy density is responsible for the magnitude of Dc. 

In this expression, he divides the number of calories generated on the lipophile side of the surfactant by the number of calories generated by the hydrophile side of the surfactant. The amount of calories reflects or implies a proportional amount of swelling of the hydrophile and the lipophile, i.e., the greater number of calories on the lipophile side, the more tendency there is to form an oil in water type of emulsion. This definition of the C.E.R. (or Cohesive Energy Ratio) parameter leads to a direct expression which ties HLB to the Cohesive Energy Density parameter directly. The expression is ... 

The subtraction of the kinetic energy density G(r) from each side of the statement of the local virial theorem given in eqn (6.31) yields a definition of an energy density E,(r) as... 

The second equality given in eqn (6.70) follows from the definition of X(r) in eqn (5.49). The integration of this energy density over a region of space bounded by a surface of zero flux in Vp yields an energy e( ) which will satisfy the various statements of the atomic virial theorem,... 

From its definition in eqn (6.71) in terms of an integral of an energy density, it is clear that, like other atomic properties (eqn (6.41)), the sum of the energies of the atoms in a system equals the total electronic energy... 

Also included in Tables 7.4 and 7.5 are the values of the kinetic energy density G(rJ at the interatomic critical point and its parallel and perpendicular components. It is clear from the definition of the density G(r) (eqn (5.48))... 

---