Energies conservation, resources

We have expanded some subject areas, which previously were of concern to only a few scientists, but which have been popularized by the media to the point where they are common discussion subjects. These include "Global Warming," "The Ozone Hole," "Energy Conservation," "Renewable Resources," and "Quality of Life."... 

Noll, S. A. (1982). Transportation and Energy Conservation in Developing Countries. Washington, DC Resources for the Future. 

The recycling of plastics waste is eonsidered with respect to energy recovery through incineration. It is claimed that burning solid municipal waste could produce nearly 10% of Europe s domestic electricity and heat and conserve resources by replacing, for example, over half of current coal imports to Western Europe. The potential for power from waste plastics and examples of energy from waste in action are described. 

The laws of mass and energy conservation and the second law combined give a sharp insight into the industrial process, its resources, waste, and losses (Figure 13.14). We wish to illustrate this in a simplified example [30]. Suppose we want to produce metal X from its oxide XO, which is readily found in nature as a resource. The most elementary reaction to handle this transformation is... 

All industries, especially the surfactant and detergent industries, have been heavily involved in various recent controversies such as health and safety problems, resource and energy conservation movements and so on. Under these circumstances, more emphasis has to be placed on key words SAFETY, RESOURCE SAVING and EFFICIENCY. Only by satisfying these three will there be the chance of developing new technologies and new products. 

Multiobjective Analysis for Energy and Resource Conservation in an Evaporation System... 

Efficient use of both energy and resource in an evaporation system was studied based on multi-objective analysis. The exergy consumption and the total investment cost were used to measure energy and resource conservation, respectively. The trade-off curve between the two objectives shows the change in the optimal solution as the unit cost of exergy is changed. 

Energy and Resource Conservation in the Process System Energy may be supplied by means of. steam, electricity, etc. 

Illustrative Example Energy and Resource Conservation for a Milk Concentration.Process... 

Overall Evaluation. From the point of view of economic optimization the cost of energy and resource are but one of the important factors. The operating cost is estimated based on the exergy consumption, fl, multiplied by the unit cost of exergy (lO). The unit cost of exergy is a macroscopic index which shows the energy situation at the time. Since the annual investment cost has been used to measure resource conservation in this paper, the annual total cost is represented as follows,... 

Energy and resource conservation in the process design was evaluated based on the exergy consumption and the total investment cost, respectively. The conflict between the two objectives is obtained by solving the two-objective optimization problem. The e-constraint scalar optimization problem was solved by means of the max-sensitive method because it generates the profile of the trade-off ratio as well as the trade-off curve. 

Nishitani, H. and Kunugita, E., "Multiobjective Analysis of Energy and Resource Conservation in an Evaporator System,"... 

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