Endocrine system pituitary gland

Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is a peptide synthesized in the hypothalamus and secreted from the neurohypophysis of the pituitary gland. This substance plays an important role in the long-term regulation of blood pressure through its action on the kidney to increase reabsorption of water. The major stimulus for release of vasopressin is an increase in plasma osmolarity. The resulting reabsorption of water dilutes the plasma toward its normal value of 290 mOsM. This activity is discussed in more detail in Chapter 10 (the endocrine system) and Chapter 19 (the renal system). 

Reports of the effects of Li+ upon the thyroid gland and its associated hormones are the most abundant of those concerned with the endocrine system. Li+ inhibits thyroid hormone release, leading to reduced levels of circulating hormone, in both psychiatric patients and healthy controls [178]. In consequence of this, a negative feedback mechanism increases the production of pituitary TSH. Li+ also causes an increase in hypothalamic thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH), probably by inhibiting its re-... 

The endocrine system is composed of hormone-producing organs within the body. Probably the most important endocrine organ is the pituitary gland, located at the base of the skull and intimately associated with the hypothalamus, both the pituitary and the hypothalamus secrete a wide variety of peptidic hormones and are crucial to the... 

Anterior lobe of pituitary is the master gland of the endocrine system as a whole because it produces peptide trophic hormones which affect the other ductless/endocrine glands. The anterior lobe secretes the following hormones ... 

The control of metabolism, growth, and reproduction is mediated by a combination of neural and endocrine systems located in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The pituitary weighs about 0.6 g and rests at the base of the brain in the bony sella turcica near the optic chiasm and the cavernous sinuses. The pituitary consists of an anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (neurohypophysis) (Figure 37-1). It is connected to the overlying hypothalamus... 

The SD rat is a commonly used laboratory animal. However, it has limitations when used to evaluate the effects of chemicals on the endocrine system, including the pituitary and mammary gland, because of a high spontaneous tumor incidence in these organs. At about 9-12 months of age, the SD rat begins to experience prolonged periods... 

Endocrine Effects. Little is known about the effects of aluminum on endocrine systems. The oral administration of sodium aluminum phosphate to male and female Beagle dogs for 6 months did not alter thyroid, adrenal, or pituitary gland weight or microanatomy (Katz et al. 1984 Pettersen et al. 1990). These organs were also normal in male and female Wistar rats fed a diet containing unspecified amounts of aluminum phosphide/ammonium carbamate for 24 months (Hackenberg 1972). 

The limbic system and adjacent hypothalamus shift into high gear, and by way of the pituitary gland (and other downstream endocrine glands) and the autonomic nervous system, a multitude of stress hormones are released into the system. The brain and body alike are ready for action. 

The endocrine system is comprised of a network of hormone-producing glands. These glands include the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. The hormones produced are released in carefully... 

The use of somatostatiu analogues labelled with radionuchdes to treat tumours expressing somatostatin receptors has been clinically tested. Somatostatin is a 14 amino acid cyclic peptide involved in the regulation of several organ systems, including the nervous (brain), endocrine (pituitary gland). 

The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland act together to control much of the endocrine system. Included is regulation of the growth hormone GH, also called somatotropin. 

The pituitary gland plays a very important role in the overall control of the endocrine system. 

The endocrine system is complex, involving many glands and hormones, which are interconnected by feedback mechanisms. The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus produce hormones that affect the activity of many other glands. There are many disorders of the endocrine glands. 

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