Encapsulation filling machines

GM Irwin, GJ Dodson, LJ Ravin. Encapsulation of clomacron phosphate I. Effect of fiowability of powder blends, lot-to-lot variability, and concentration of active ingredient on weight variation of capsules filled on an automatic capsule filling machine. J Pharm Sci 59 547-550, 1970. 

This section addresses the design of immediate-re-lease powder formulations for hard gelatin capsules. In general, powder formulations for encapsulation should be developed in consideration of the particular filling principle involved. The requirements imposed on the formulation by the filling process, such as lubricity, compressibility and/or compactibility, and fluidity can vary between machine types. Furthermore, the... 

Machine speed and compression force in tablet presses Machine speed and fill volume in encapsulators. 

Other uses of the new mixing head include the production of small size test samples on laboratory RIM machines for the development and evaluation of foam and non-foam RIM materials of different nature, encapsulation of electronic components, production of small size technical parts and the fill of small quantities of insulation foam in plastic picnic jars. 

Polymer encapsulation is an ex situ S/S technique involving the application of thermoplastic resins such as bitumen, polyethylene and other polyelfins, paraffins, waxes, and sulfur-based cements, as opposed to cements and pozzolans. Polymer encapsulation has been used primarily to immobilize low-level radioactive wastes and those waste types that are difficult to immobilize in cement, such as Cl- and SO4-based salts. Bitumen (asphalt) is the least expensive and (hence) used most often. Thermoplastic encapsulation heats and mixes the contaminated soil with the resin at 130 to 230°C in an extrusion machine. Organic pollutants and water boil off during the extrusion and are collected for treatment or disposal. The final product, a stiff yet plastic resin, is then discharged into a drum or other container and land-filled (U.S. EPA, 1997). 

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