Empty Drums

Response of Equipment The response of equipment to blast is usually a combination of two effects one is the displacement of the equipment as a single entity and the other is the faihire of the equipment itself. The displacement of the equipment is an important consideration for small, unsecured items—e.g., empty drums, gas cyhnders, empty containers. Most damage resmts from the faihire in part or totally of the equipment or containing structure itself. 

Materials with high flash points sueh as heavy oils and resins ean produee flammable vapours due to thermal degradation on heating. Dangers therefore arise when welding, flame eutting empty drums/vessels onee used to eontain sueh materials due to the presenee of residues. 

Service company wastes such as empty drums, drum rinsate, vacuum truck rinsate, sandblast media, spent solvents, spilled chemicals, and waste acids... 

An empty drum which had contained this exploded when cut into by a grinder. It is presumably more flammable than might be anticipated [1], Like trichloroethane the vapour is difficult to ignite and may not show a flash point, but can form explosive mixtures with air [2],... 

One company which purchases 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine as the dihydrochloride salt in sealed fiber in drums rinses the empty drums with water, adds the rinse water to the product stream, then sprays the drums with a sodium hypochlorite bleach solution (converting the 3,3 -dichlorobenzidine to a quinone-type compound), and places them in polyethylene bags for disposal (London and Boiano 1986). 

Diaphragm pump, 142, 143 Deentrainment commercial equipment, 619 cyclone dimensions, 620 cyclones, 616,620,621 empty drums, 615,617 wire mesh nads. 615.616.618.620 Densities, hulk, data, 677-679 Desalination, 632 performance, 640 Design basis, 12 questionnaire 13, 14 Detergent manufacture, 35 Dewpoint conditions, 376 calculation, 378... 

Here /h is a cascade factor, with values typically between 2 and K, increasing as solids holdup increases, and is an empirical constant (dimensional) for a given material. The superficial gas velocity through the empty drum is Uc- It was assumed that the airborne particle velocity was proportional to the air velocity. Two empirical constants/H and k are also required to use the equation, and these are not generally available. 

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