Embedded plates: function

If one wants to model the vibrating ribbon experiments of Schubauer Skramstad (1947) by embedding the disturbance source on the surface of the plate, then the following is implied. Let the disturbance source be located at x = xq, instead of the origin. Then instead of (2.6.56) one should rewrite the disturbance stream function as. 

To reveal the thermal properties of aerogels, stationary hot-plate measurements are usually employed [45]. In such a measurement two equal aerogel specimens are sandwiched between a hot plate and two cold plates. If the electrical power fed into the hot plate and the temperature difference between the hot and the cold plates, as well as the thickness of the specimens, are known, the thermal conductivity can be derived. For the thermal characterization of opacified aerogels, the faster nonstationary hot-wire method can also be used. In this case a thin platinum wire is embedded into the aerogel specimen and a constant power is delivered into the wire, which also serves as a temperature sensor. From the temperature increase in the wire as a function of time, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel specimen can be determined [49]. 

The purpose of incorporating microcapsules into coatings is to improve or repair the surface function of the metal by gradual release of the core materials. In this context, it is very important to study the controlled-release behavior of microcapsules embedded in the composite coating, and of their self-repairing capability for the plating surface. 

The generic demonstrator shown in Fig. 7.15B consists of a glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 (GF-PA 6) component. Additionally, especially developed matrix identical thermoplastic compatible piezoceramic modules (TPM) were embedded in the demonstrator structure during its manufacturing process. In Fig. 7.14 the built up of different TPM configurations are shown, consisting of thermoplastic carrier films, metallized with electrode structures and piezoelectric functional layers (eg, piezoceramic plates, fiber composites, or printing pastes) in the middle. 

In these techniques, the excited atom source is not a flame but a plasma e.g. Ar plasma, a d.c. or a.c. arc or a spark. Since higher temperatures are achieved in plasmas, excited ions may be also formed as well as excited atoms. In any case, the lines are more numerous than in other techniques. The lines to be detected are selected by narrow band pass monochromator and are detected by sensitive photomultipliers. The functions of the instrument are controlled by a micro-processor and are displayed on a photographic plate, a cathode ray tube, a recorder or a printer. Qualitatively, the lines obtained from a sample are compared with tables compiled for various elements as atoms or ions. The latter are more intense when plasmas are used. The presence of 3 major lines of an element is taken as positive identification. Most elements can be identified by these methods. Solid samples can be embedded in an electrode of the source. Quantitative analysis is possible for instruments giving an intensity reading. By assigning a channel for each element, the measured intensity depends on the amount of element present. 

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