Elicitation of a Pharmacological Response

Intravenously injected, fluorocarbon-filled, phospholipid-coated microbubbles by themselves have little or no therapeutic value unless they are made acoustically 

Ribozyme with complementary Hqutnct to tumor-specific mRNA 

0 Con function both drug or excipient Function as oxcipiont 0 Function drug 

Delivered to target cells by plasmid. retroviral vector or transposon 

Repression of protein a product (such as Multi drug resistance protons) 

Ribozyme with complementary sequence to tumor-speclflc mRNA 

Apoptosis inducing or angiogenesis inhibiting protein coding sequence 

Can function as both drug or excipient Functions as excipient Functions as drug 

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Fig.1 Oiaracterization of a compound s effect. A compound often binds to a particular target or targets (e.g., a receptor or an enzyme) and elicits a pharmacological response like the activation of a signal transduction pathway. This in turn results in a physiological change, such as a change in heart rate or insulin secretion. These physiological changes can then result in a change in the organism s behavior...

The most important property of a dosage form is its ability to deliver the active ingredient to the site of action in an amount sufficient to elicit the desired pharmacological response. This property of a dosage form has been variously referred to as its physiological availability, biological availability, or bioavailability. 

Iha pharmacological response elicited by monocyclic aromatic iigents is a function of the number and spatial arrangement of the functional groups attached to the aromatic ring this is true of a great many drugs. 

Pharmacodynamics is a discipline within the broader topic of pharmacology, which focuses on how a drug brings about a particular response, and the effective levels that are required in order to elicit such a response. Some of these basic data will have emerged from the research-based activities that initiate the development of most drugs today. However, considerable additional studies are required to establish detailed dose-response curves so that the optimum therapeutic level can be chosen. 

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