Elements historical information

The analysis of the collected data, identified that the ineffective judgement element of the mixing sub-process was caused by a combination of the lack of information from the mixing process, the lack of historical information about coagulating substances while mixing, time constraints and operator knowledge. 

So, summarising the situation, the company s management on the strategic control level, had to decrease their costs under pressure from stockholders. Both, the current information and historical information from the transformation and its deviations were not available. These three types of latent conditions led to the ineffective observation on the strategic control level, i.e. the failure to realise the necessity that engineers with the necessary expertise should be present on site. So, the latent conditions that caused the ineffective observation element on the strategic control level, are transformation, history, and external environment. ... 

There have been a number of previous reviews of various aspects of the thermochemical properties of zirconium and its compounds. The chemical behaviour of zirconium was reviewed by Blumenthal [58BLU]. The review of [58BLU] contains an extensive history of the element and its compounds. It references much of the older literature, including those on the thermochemistry of zirconium and its compounds. The data given for thermochemical parameters in [58BLU], however, were not critically reviewed and therefore do not agree with the present review. Nevertheless, the review of [58BLU] is of particular value due to the detailed historical information it contains. 

As stated before, the concentration of the element selected as internal reference must be known in advance. There are different possibilities to comply with this requisite (1) previous analysis of the sample, ideally using a fast nondestructive solid sampling technique capable of providing reliable values for elements found at high levels, such as SEM-EDX [62,71,75,76], a strategy that is very common (2) on occasions, the concentration of the main matrix constituent might be known with sufficient accuracy from the stoichiometry of the material or from historical information [48,66] or can be assumed... 

Telemetry system is part of the monitoring, which is used for remote monitoring and controlling district heat network devices. It enables observation of individual elements and objects district heating network in on-line mode. Heat sources, heat exchanger stations and heat chamber are connected to the system. The system allows to control parameters at every point of the city and control of operations carried out currently in the network. It sends periodic inquiries about their status to the devices in the node. It also accepts alarm messages and collects historical information about the node work. Connection of nodes provides transmission equipment through a wired network and the GSM... 

If the critical impurities are known, then only a selected list of elements need to be examined, with some improvement in the cost effectiveness of the analysis. However, the list of elements to be included in the qualification analysis is often historical and related to the limitations of the analytical methods previously used for qualification rather than for technological reasons related to the end use of the metal. As a result, problems in application can arise for no obvious reason. The time and cost of extending the impurity list for GDMS analysis to include essentially all elements is minimal, considering the additional information gained. 

The detection limit (or limit of detection) is defined as the lowest concentration of an element in solution which can be detected with 95% certainty. It is therefore the concentration which will produce a deflection equal to twice the standard deviation of a series of readings (typically ten). Historically it has also been defined as the concentration which produces a deflection from the base line of a chart recorder which is equal to twice the peak to peak variability of that base line. The important thing to note with detection limit information is that the method of calculation should be defined when original work is being published. 

The date, location, and credited scientist of discovery, comparable information for initial pure isolation, and historical derivation of the name of each of the group 2 elements are summarized in Table 1. The principal ore found in Nature, the industrial preparation and purification, and the principal contemporary uses are outlined in Table 2. Several important properties of each element are listed in Table 3. These properties can be broken down into the categories of general information (name, symbol. 

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