Elementary chlorine-free process

The publisher s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. 

Today, the pulp and paper industry operates with two main pulping processes and three bleaching processes. The latter are the chlorine bleaching process, the elementary chlorine-free (ECF) process, and the totally chlorine-free (TCF) process they are compared in Table 6.4. 

Elementary chlorine-free (ECF) process. Using modifications to the standard process, such as alternatives to free chlorine in the form of chlorine dioxide (delivered by sodium chlorate), prolonged cooking times, and prebleaching with oxygen before the main bleaching with chlorine dioxide, about the same quality of paper was reached without the drawbacks of elementary chlorine (see Table 6.4). 

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