Electrospinning parameters

Fiber jet speed and material elasticity are two of the most important parameters involved in the jet-mandrel interaction and each of these properties are influenced by multiple electrospinning parameters, such as solution conductivity, viscosity, voltage, and feed rate. In addition, material properties cannot be accurately predicted without knowing the exact degree of solvent evaporation at the point when fibers are taken up by the collector. 

Initial experiments to determine the suitable electrospinning parameters were carried out using P(3HB) alone in CHCI3 as the sole solvent. The morphology of films electrospun from different solution concentrations are shown in Fig. 6.2. 

Ero-Phillips, 0., Jenkins, M., Stamboulis, A. Tailoring crystallinity of electrospun PLLA fibres by control of electrospinning parameters. Polymers fBasen. 2012,4,1331-1348. 

The morphology and the diameter of the electrospun nano Hers can be affected by many electrospinning parameters including solution properties (the concentration, liqnid viscosity, surface tension, and dielectric properties of the polymer solution), processing conditions (apphed voltage, volume Cbw rate, tip to collector distance, and the strength of the apphed electric Hid), and ambient conditions (temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity) [17-20]. 

In this work, we investigate the effect of four electrospinning parameters (solution concentration, applied voltage, tip to collector distance, and voliune Dow rate) on the average Cber diameter (AFD) and CA of electrospun PAN nanoCber mat. The aim of the present study is to establish quantitative relationship between electrospinning parameters and AFD and CA of electrospun Cber mat by response surface methodology. 

In the present study, CCD was employed to establish relationships between four electrospinning parameters and two responses including the AFD and the CA of elec-trospun Cber mat. The experiment was performed for at least three levels of each factor to Dt a quadratic model. Based on preliminary experiments, polymer solution concentration (X ), applied voltage (X ), tip to collector distance (X ), and volume dw rate (X ) were determined as critical factors with signiCbance effect on AFD and C A of electrospun Cber mat. These factors were fom independent variables and chosen equally spaced, while the AFD and the CA of electrospun Cber mat were dependent variables (responses). The values of -1, 0, and 1 are coded variables corresponding to low, intermediate, and high levels of each factor respectively. The experimental parameters and their levels for four independent variables are shown in Table 1. 

The PAN solution in DMF were electrospun under different conditions, including various PAN solution concentrations, applied voltages, volume flow rates and tip to collector distances, to study the effect of electrospinning parameters on the morphology and diameter of electrospun nanofibers. 

Yordem, O.S., Papila, M. and Menceloglu, YZ. 2008. Effects of electrospinning parameters on polyacrylonitrile nanofiber diameter An investigation by response surface methodology. 34-44. 

Volova, T., Goncharov, D., Sukovatyi, A., Shabanov, A., Nikolaeva, E., Shishatskaya, E., 2014. Electrospinning of polyhydroxyalkanoate fibrous scaffolds effects on electrospinning parameters on structure and properties. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 25 (4), 370-393. 

Many basic properties are harmonious by adjusting electrospinning parameters such as voltage, flow rate and others, and it can offer in-depth inside into physical rmderstanding of many complex phenomena which cannot be fully ejqrlain [9]. 

Beachley V and Wen X (2009) Effect of electrospinning parameters on the nanofiber diameter... 

Matabola, K.P., Moutloali, R.M. The influence of electrospinning parameters on the morphology and diameter of poly(vinyledene fluoride) nanofibers- effect of sodium chloride. J. Mater. Sci. 48(16), 5475-5482 (2013)... 

Jacobs, V., Anandjiwala, R.D., Maaza, M. Influence of electrospinning parameters on the structural morphology and diameter of electrospun nanofibers. J. Appl. Polym. Sd. 115, 3130-3136(2010)... 

No. Electrospinning parameters X, X3 Concentration Voltage Distance X4 Flow rate Responses AFD(nm) CA(°) ... 

It is well known that the valne of CAfor hydrophilie snifaces is less than 90°. Fabrication of these snifaces has attracted considerable interest for both fundamental researeh and practical studies. So, the goal of the present stucfy is to minimize the CA of elec-trospun nanofibers. The optimal conditions of the electrospinning parameters were established from the quadratic form of the RSM. Independent variables namely, solution concentration, applied voltage, spinning distance, and volume flow rate were set in range and dependent variable (CA) was fixed at minimum. The optimal conditions in the tested range for minimum CA of electrospun fiber mat are shown in Table 5. 

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