Electron mobility solid hydrogen

Troyanovskii, A. M. and Khaikin, M. S., Electron mobility in two-dimensional layer over the surface of solid hydrogen, Sov. Phys. JETP, 54, 214,1981. 

In comparisons of muons with protons and of muonium with hydrogen atoms, pronounced quantum effects occur whenever dynamics are involved. In this way, muons have been utilized to probe a large variety of properties and materials insulators, semiconductors, metals, superconductors, insulators, gases, liquids, crystalline and amorphous solids, static and dynamic magnetic properties of all kinds, electron mobility, quantum diffusion, chemical reactivity and molecular structure and dynamics. The term adopted for the broad field of muon spin spectroscopy techniques, fiSR, emphasizes the analogy with other types of magnetic resonance for example EPR. juS represents muon spin , and R in a more general sense stands simultaneously for rotation , relaxation and resonance . 

The formal connection of the views of present day chemists with those of L. V. Pisarzhevskii (301,341) is now stressed by some Russian writers on catalysis (458). The electronic mechanism of catalysis postulated by Pisarzhevskii without much experimental evidence in an early (1925-28) attempt at correlating the physical attributes of a solid with its catalytic activity stated that the ability of a metallic catalyst to promote hydrogenation depended on the ability of a hydrogen molecule to penetrate the crystal lattice of the metal and consequently depended upon the interionic distances in this metal. The existence of highly mobile, free (conduction) electrons in metals, as well as in oxides, was thus of great significance in catalytic phenomena, according to Pisarzhevskii (302). 

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been extensively used to assess structural properties, electronic parameters and diffusion behavior of the hydride phases of numerous metals and alloys using mostly transient NMR techniques or low-resolution spectroscopy [3]. The NMR relaxation times are extremely useful to assess various diffusion processes over very wide ranges of hydrogen mobility in crystalline and amorphous phases [3]. In addition, several borohydrides [4-6] and alanates [7-11] have also been characterized by these conventional solid-state NMR methods over the years where most attention was on rotation dynamics of the BHT, A1H4, and AlHe anions detection of order-disorder phase transitions or thermal decomposition. There has been little indication of fast long-range diffusion behavior in any complex hydride studied by NMR to date [4-11]. 

Let us now treat the influence of ultrasound (hypersound) on the proton mobility in the hydrogen-bonded chain. The impact of ultrasound on free electrons weakly connected with matrix vibrations (e.g., metals and nonpolar semiconductors) has been studied in detail (see, e.g., Ref. 184). The effect of ultrasound on the diffusion of atoms in a solid has also been studied in detail (see, e.g., Ref. 185). 

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