Electron microscopy hybrids

Nylon-6. Nylon-6—clay nanometer composites using montmorillonite clay intercalated with 12-aminolauric acid have been produced (37,38). When mixed with S-caprolactam and polymerized at 100°C for 30 min, a nylon clay—hybrid (NCH) was produced. Transmission electron microscopy (tern) and x-ray diffraction of the NCH confirm both the intercalation and molecular level of mixing between the two phases. The benefits of such materials over ordinary nylon-6 or nonmolecularly mixed, clay-reinforced nylon-6 include increased heat distortion temperature, elastic modulus, tensile strength, and dynamic elastic modulus throughout the —150 to 250°C temperature range. 

Goldstein, P. and Triantaphyllou, A.C. (1979) Karyotype analysis of the plant-parasitic nematode Heteroderaglycinesby electron microscopy. II. The tetraploid and an aneuploid hybrid. Journal of Cell Science 43, 225. 

Lindner et al. carried out detailed studies on the use of the sol-gel procedure to obtain new materials as suitable matrices [45]. A co-condensation of Si(OR)4, Si(OR)3-spacer-Si(OR)3 and Si(OR)3-spacer-ligand resulted in new hybrid materials, the properties of which strongly depended upon the spacer and the ratio of the different components used. Most of these materials were characterised with IR, EXAFS, and EDX spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and solid state NMR spectroscopy. Solid state 31P NMR was used to quantify the mobility of the interphases the changes in line-... 

Morel G. Hybridization Techniques for Electron Microscopy, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 1993. 

McFadden G. In situ hybridization techniques molecular cytology goes ultrastruc-tural, in Electron Microscopy of Plant Cells (Hall J, Hawes C, eds.), Academic Press, London, 1991, pp. 219-255. 

Chevalier J, Yi J, Michel O, Tang X-M. 1997. Biotin and digoxigenin as labels for light and electron microscopy in situ hybridization process where do we stand J Histochem Cytochem 45 481-491. 

We then investigated the formation of hybrid molecular assemblies in combinations of anionic peptide lipid 9 with cage-type hosts 7 and 8 after a previous method [44], Lamella-type aggregates are observed for a mixture of host 7 and lipid 9 at a 1 20 molar ratio in the dispersion state by negative staining electron microscopy. Phase transition parameters (temperature at peak maximum, T enthalpy change, AH entropy change, dS half-width of an endothermic peak, and hydrodynamic diameters (d,y) for the bilayer... 

Electron microscopy permits the detailed study of cell relationships within tissues and organelles within cells. Two ultrastructural techniques in which gold probes have proven invaluable are mununocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, and these will be described here. Until 1980, peroxidase was the marker of choice, but now colloidal gold is almost universally used. The advantages of colloidal gold are that ... 

Microstructures of (1) PE-g-PPG polymer hybrid and (2) the blended sample of PE and PPG were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images after the preparation of press sheets of each polymer sample at 200 °C. The TEM images of the resulting polymer hybrid reveal the nanometer level microphase-separation morphology between the PE segment and the PPG segment compared with the PE/PPG blended polymer. From the result, the nanodispersion of different segments in polymer hybrids is possible, but different from the blended polymer sample (Fig. 8). 

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