Diameter hydrodynamic

The q(T) can be independently measured by a viscometer and the value of y is determined by the PCS measurement at a certain temperature (typically 21 22 °C). Under the condition that the hydrodynamic diameter of the probe molecule is constant in the temperature range examined, we can obtain the temperature of the confocal area. It is worth noting that the present method estimates average temperature inside the confocal volume of the microscopic system because ECS provides the average value of the translational diffusion velocity over multiple fluorescent molecules passing through the sampling area. 

Figure 7. Electron micrographs and relative histograms of the particle size distribution of 5% (w/w) of Pt/y-Al203 systems obtained (a) from the solution containing Pt particles with hydrodynamic diameter of 0.9 nm (b) from the solution containing Pt particles with hydrodynamic diameter of 1.5 nm.

For non circular tubes, there is an effective hydrodynamic diameter defined by ... 

Fig. 8. Variationof the weight-average molar mass Mw ( ) and z-average hydrodynamic diameter in toluene dz (o) with the emulsifier concentration in the emulsion polymerization of 1,4-DVB [83]. Polymerization temperature = 70 °C, initiator = AIBN, water/monomer ratio = 12.5.

The incorporation of comonomers increases the mean hydrodynamic diameter of EUP-micelles, dz (Fig. 16). Contrary to CMC, the dz of micelles resp. microemulsion droplets increases with the concentration of an external electrolyte. 

In order to check these results, Lutz et al. degraded polymer samples which had been isolated shortly before macrogelation, by ultrasonic waves [213]. Figure 38A shows the decrease of Mw and of the hydrodynamic diameter dz, measured by static and dynamic light scattering respectively, on ultrasonic treatment of a polymer of Mw = 2.2 X10. Both Mw and dz decrease first abruptly but then... 

Hydrodynamic diameters dh and corresponding Gaussian width c of block copolymer micelles in solvents of decreasing polarity. None means that no micelles could be detected by DLS. 

Figure 1.20 Comparison of densities as a function of generation for (A) asymmetrical branch cell in DenkewaIter-type dendrimers, (B) symmetrical branch cell in Tomalia-type dendrimers ([densities calculated from experimental hydrodynamic diameters and theoretical, D.A. Tomalia, M. Hall, D.M. Hedstrand, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109,1601 (1987))...

FIGURE 13.13. Hydrodynamic diameters of colloidal particles determined by QELS as a function of the hydrosol pH. 

For materials smaller than lpm, separation occurs in the normal mode [11]. According to this mechanism, the retention time (t ) is inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficient D and proportional to the hydrodynamic diameter. The correspondence, for highly retained analytes (i.e., R=6k—Equation 12.12), is clear from... 

Fluorescence probing has also been used by us to investigate the mechanism of vesicle to micelle transformation due to interaction of liposome with sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles. An increase in optical density and hydrodynamic diameter was observed at low SDS concentrations (Fig. 24). The increase was attributed to the incorporation of SDS monomers on liposome vesicles. The point where the hydrodynamic diameter and optical density reached a maximum was proposed to correspond to the saturation of bilayers of the first inflection point. Upon further increase in the SDS concentration... 

Fig. 24 Change in the optical density and effective hydrodynamic diameter of 1 mM liposome after interaction with SDS for 1 h...

We then investigated the formation of hybrid molecular assemblies in combinations of anionic peptide lipid 9 with cage-type hosts 7 and 8 after a previous method [44], Lamella-type aggregates are observed for a mixture of host 7 and lipid 9 at a 1 20 molar ratio in the dispersion state by negative staining electron microscopy. Phase transition parameters (temperature at peak maximum, T enthalpy change, AH entropy change, dS half-width of an endothermic peak, and hydrodynamic diameters (d,y) for the bilayer... 

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