Electro-optical components

The principle of optical triangulation has been known since the time of the early Greeks, and indeed optical triangulation has been used for hundreds of years in applications such as surveying, camera auto-focus and even smart-bombs. With the advent of low-cost, compact electro-optic components such as lateral-effect photodetectors, diode lasers and micro-optics, laser-based triangulation sensors can now be employed for applications that were, heretofore, considered uninspectable. 

W. D. Rogatto, "Electro-Optics Components," inj. S. Accetta andD. L. Shumaker, eds.. The Infrared Electro-Optical Systems Handbook, Vol. 3, SPIE Optical Engineering Press, Bellingham, Wash., 1993. 

Figure 3. A block diagram showing the electro-optical components of the fast response ln-situ CO2 sensor. The illustration shows a specific arrangement of the components identified in Figure 2. Temperature controlled regions are shown within dashed lines.

Figure 10. A cutaway diagram showing the electro-optical components of the RBFWI.

During the last two decades, there has been an enormous increase in the use of photophysical methods in supra-molecular chemistry. Until recently, photophysical methods, such as transient spectrometry and time-resolved fluorescence spectrometry, were primarily research tools in the arenas of photokinetics of small molecules, materials physics, and biophysics. This situation changed dramatically with the introduction of commercial, user-friendly electro-optical components such as charge-coupled detector (ED)-based spectrometers, solid-state pulsed lasers, and other instrumentation necessary for time-resolved measurements. As a result, time-resolved spectrometry became more available to the community of supramolecular chemists, who now reached the level of sophistication that can benefit from the new horizons offered. 

Despite the small magnitude of the effect, it is widely used for a variety of electro-optical components. 

It is possible to mne the laser wavelength very rapidly over a spectral region where molecular absorption lines have to be detected. With electro-optical components, for instance, pulsed dye lasers can be tuned over several wavenumbers within a microsecond. This opens new perspectives for spectroscopic investigations of short-lived intermediate radicals in chemical reactions. The capabilities of classical flash photolysis may be considerably extended using such rapidly mnable laser sources. 

Electro-optic components PbZrOg, PbTiOg, UNbOg Change of birefringence with electric field... 

Fluorine containing polyols were derivatized with lEM by Newell and Wolf (26) to give novel radiation-hardenable urethane acrylates which are especially useful as adhesives for electro-optical components or as protective coatings. 

Irradiations of optical components (laser glasses, fiber optics) to measure any effects of 14 MeV neutrons on light transmission or the index of refraction was carried out in the last decades (Heikkinen 1989). Studies on the effect of last neutrons on electro-optical components are also required. 

Brandelik, J., private conversations, Electro-Optic Components Branch, Avionics Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 1990-1996. 

Anderson, W. W., Van Eck, T., Girton, D., Harwit, A, Marley, J., Lovejoy, S, M Leung, D. S., and Ermer, S Polymer based electro-optic component status, in Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering PMSE), Vol. 75, Fall Meeting, Orlando, FL, 1996, pp. 319-320. 

Crowe et al. (1993) Detectors by D. G. Crowe, P. R. Norton, T. Limpiris, and J. Mudar in Infrared Electro-Optical Systems Handbook Volume 3 Electro-Optical Components, W. D. Rogatto, ed.. The Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). 

Vampola (1993) Readout Electronics for Infrared Sensors by J. L. Vampola. Chapter 5 in Volume 3 (Electro-Optical Components) of the IR Handbook, J. S. Accetta and D. L. Shumaker Executive Editors. Vampola s 1993 discussion of ROICs has more focus on the electronics of the ROIC than does our Chapter 7, which is intended to provide a short introduction and overview. Pain and Fossum (1993) A Review of Infrared Readout Electronics for Space Science Sensors by B. Pain and E. R. Eossum. Accessed June 2014 at http //trs-new.jpl.nasa.gOv/dspace/bitstream/2014/35593/l/93-1313.pdf Hewitt et al. (1994) Infrared Readout Electronics A Historical Perspective by M. J. Hewitt, J. L. Vampola, S. H. Black and C. J. Nielsen, Proc. SPIE 2226, Infrared Readout Electronics II, 108-119 (June 23, 1994) doi 10.1117/12.178474... 

Electro Optical Components Inc Web Site (2014) by Electro Optical Components, Inc., Santa Rosa, CA. Accessed April 2014 at http //www.eoc-inc.com/infrared source.htm. Sources and Pyroelectric Detectors, Thermopile Detectors, Infrared Filters. 

Blotter and Batty (1993) Thermal and Mechanical Design of Cryogenic Cooling Systems by P. T. Blotter and J. C. Batty Chapter 6 in Electro-Optical Components, which is Volume 3 of the Infrared and Electro-Optical Handbook, The Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). 

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