Electric-vehicle engineering model

P.A. Nelson, K.G. Gallagher, 1. Bloom, D.W. Dees, Modeling the Performance and Cost of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL-11/32, Argonne, IL, USA, 2011. 

The ingredients of a Li-ion battery depend on the desired performance characteristics. For a high-energy application such as a battery for a battery electric vehicle (BEV) without an internal combustion engine, specific energy is the key property to maximize. Alternatively, for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the battery specific power is more critical. The battery performance characteristics will determine the amount of active materials and the requisite structural materials that contain them within the battery. We used Argonne National Laboratory s Battery Performance and Cost (BatPaC) model [9,10] to develop a materials inventory for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), PHEV and BEV batteries. 

Toyota s prototype, the FCHV, is based on the Toyota Highlander and has been refined several times since being introduced in 2001. The electricity produced in the fuel cell is used to power the electric engine and charge the battery. The Toyota FCHV, a refinement on their FCHV-4 model, was introduced to the market in 2002 with two FCHVs leased in California and another two leased in Japan, where the vehicle underwent 18 months of real-world testing (Toyota 2005a). The FCHV has four 5000 psi fuel tanks and a cruising distance of over 150 miles. 

Shuttle car A rubber-tired vehicle used to haul coal from the continuous miner or loader to a belt feeder or conveyor belt. It is usually electrically powered, with the power supplied through a trailing cable. Some new models are equipped with diesel engines. 

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