Electric power generation production ratios

In electrical power stations a new measure of the performance is the amount of CO2 produced per unit of electricity generated, i.e. A = kg(C02)/kWh this quantity can be non-dimensionalised by writing A = A( 16/44)(LCV) where (16/44) is the mass ratio of fuel to CO2 for methane and (LCV) in its lower heating value. However, presenting the plant s green performance in terms of A directly allows the cost of any tax on the carbon dioxide to be added to the untaxed cost of electricity production most easily. 

If a process gas is supplied to the cathode with an H,S level of 2000 ppm, a CO, level of 1%, and an H,0 level of 12% (a saturated natural gas composition), it is assumed that 99% of the H,S is removed by reaction (5), and if the process and sweep gas flowrates are equal, then there exist an activity ratio of a oJa of 665 in the anolyte before significant (e.g. 1%) of the carbonate is oxidized. This assiunes equivalent electrode kinetics for the cathodic and anodic reactions. When compared to the activity ratio of Ocos a of 26.9, this shows the thermodynamic preference for the oxidation of to elemental sulfur by equation (8) when there is an absence of reductant at the anode. This mode of operation is preferable for commercial application, with direct production of elemental sulfur vapor, eliminating this need for a Claus reactor for sulfur production. The net effect, under these conditions, is continuous removal of H,S from the process gas accompanied by enrichment of the process gas with H, and direct generation of elemental sulfrur. ITie only reagent required is electric power at a potentially attractive rate, which will be shown. 

In contrast, high temperature fuel eells like SOFCs provide efficient power generation with power to heat ratios > 1 even at small scale. In addition, they are able to process lean biogases and fluctuating gas composition. If the remaining development tasks will be addressed with sufficient resources, this technology can considerably improve electrical power production from biogas in the near future. 

It should be noted that the term megawatt as used above refers to the rate of production of heat in the reactor. In practice, only about a third of this is converted into electrical output in a power reactor. The efficiency of a reactor is simply the ratio of the electrical power (in megawatts) to the thermal power, or total number of megawatts of heat generated. 

Ajou University developed AMBIDEXTER-NEC (Advanced Molten-salt Breakeven Inherently-safe Dual-function EXcellenTly-Ecological Reactor Nuclear Energy Complex). The objective of the reactor is to bum DUPlC fuel, minimize minor actinides production, and of course, generate electric power. To achieve the objectives, the AMBIDEXTER reactor core consists of two parts, a blanket and a seed. The blanket consists of only molten salt fuel (LeF-BeF2-(Th,U,Pu)F4), and the seed consists of the molten salt fuel and graphite moderator channel. The blanket area has very hard neutron spectrum, almost looks like fast reactor neutron spectium, and the seed area has a soft neutron spectium almost looks like PWR. Therefore, AMBIDEXTER can achieve low conversion ratio, about 0.298, ie, it is a burner reactor. The code developed to analyze AMBIDEXTER is called AMBIKIN2D. The code system consists of HELIOS, AMDEC, and AMBIKIN2D. 

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