Electric detonators -done

The method of flame detonators is the same, but we use a fuse instead of an electric current to ignite the initiator. 

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Nearly a hundred years elapsed, after the invention of Lieut Moor, before interest in electric detonators was revived in USA. This was done during WWII when US Armed Forces began to fly electrical systems to perform fuzing and firing tasks. The first Army Ordnance Corps electric detonator, for use in fuzes, was the M36. It is described here in Section 5. 

In part because airbag modules, as presently offered, are so extremely expensive, a great deal of research is bang done to develop less expensive and perhaps less risky nonexplosive systems. By 1994, most GM vehicles will have a system that uses no electrical detonator or sodium azide pellets. It will be powered by a pressurized cylinder containing argon gas. These devices are, of course, of little value to the survivor. A CM dealer can explain whether a specific vehicle has these new compressed gas systems. 

Electric detonators (not fuse and detonators) must be used of not less efficiency than No. 6, the detonation charge of which shall consist of a 1 g mixture of 80 parts of mercury fulminate and 20 parts of potassium chlorate (or their equivalents), and the required electric firing must be done by means of a permissible type blasting unit. 

Fougosse (Fr). A kind of land mine prepd by digging underground an inclined hole in the form of truncated pyramid and burying in it an hermetic box contg explosive. This was covered with a template, heavy stones, and earth. Detonation of expl chge was done either by fbse or by electric cap Ref Daniel, Diet (1902), 307-08... 

Not all was lost. The process provided valuable instruction relative to ignition devices, bridge wires, drop wires, insulation, and crimping. In an attempt to hold all variables to an absolute maximum, wc did not try to make more than one component at a time, and no experiments were done with match-lit fuze and cap systems. Safety fuze is extremely difficult to make at home, and a successful electric cap could always be changed over to safety fuze if necessary, we reasoned. In the course of the discovery process, we were able to expose a great many fables and old wives tales regarding detonating explosives. 

This is isolation. Moreover, isolation must be done to avoid various actions which cause ignition, explosion or detonation e.g. mechanical actions like shock or friction, physical actions like an electric charge or temperature rise or chemical actions such as moisture or sunshine etc. 

Reports on man-made diamond obtained by HPHT synthesis were first published in 1955 by General Electric [4]. Usually, metals able to dissolve carbon under HPHT conditions are used as catalysts and increase growth rates. Diamond crystals of several millimeters in size can be obtained in this way, but usually small grains for abrasives are produced. Direct conversion of graphite to diamond without catalyst in HPHT apparatus is possible, but uneconomical for industrial application. Direct transformation can be done by the detonation method and produces nanosized powders of diamond and diamond-like carbon [5]. 

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