Efficiency of engine

The Clausius and Kelvin-Planck statements and the Carnot principle reflect a historical interest in increasing the efficiency of engines. While the... 

Assessing performance efficiency of engineering control measures. 

One of the most straightforward methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions is to enhance the fuel efficiency of engines. The three-way catalyst, although very successful at cleaning up automotive exhaust, dictates that engines operate at air-to-fuel ratios of around 14.7 1. Unfortunately, this is not the optimum ratio with respect to fuel efficiency, which is substantially higher under lean-burn conditions at A/F ratios of about 20 1, where the exhaust becomes rich in oxygen and NOx reduction is extremely difficult (Fig. 10.1). 

Since diesel fuel combustion is an autoignition process, the quality and characteristics of the fuel can have a dramatic impact on the efficiency of engine operation. Ignition delay and cetane number go hand in hand to influence the quality of the fuel combustion process. They are the primary engine operability parameters directly related to fuel composition. 

Since diesel fuel combustion is an autoignition process, the quality and characteristics of the fuel can have a dramatic impact on the efficiency of engine... 

Meikrantz, D.H., Gam, T., Mann, N., Law, J., Todd, T. 2007. Hydraulic performance and mass transfer efficiency of engineering scale centrifugal contactors. In Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Systems. Global 2007, Boise, ID, September 9-13. INL/ CONF-07-12167. 

Table 3 Comparison of Overall Catalytic Efficiency of Engineered and Natural NAD-Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenases (IDH) from E. coli and S. cerevisiae, Respectively...

The final chapter, "Environmental issues , addresses lubricant performance and suggests ways to improve fuel efficiency of engines by the use of lower viscosity grade oils and the use of modifiers to reduce metal-metal friction. 

D. The efficiency of Engine 2 is greater than the efficiency of Engine 1. 

Ceramics reinforced with such fibers may increase the energy efficiency of engines by allowing them to run as... 

Technical-economic efficiency of engineering survey. Influence of survey information on the technical-economic efficiency of the construction as a whole ... 

The total of heat and work is the change in internal energy, AU. Lf is a state function, its differential is exact, and it does not depend on the path for the change of state. Work and heat are inexact differentials and do depend on the path. (Thus, the efficiency of engines that convert heat to mechanical work can be adjusted by altering the pathways.) The first law of thermodynamics is the conservation of energy AU = q + rv. 

J. Sorab, S. Korcek, C.B. McCollum, and K.W. Schriewer, "Sequence VIB engine test for evaluation of fuel efficiency of engine oils. Part ILstage selection and time factor determination , SAE paper 982624,1998... 

Efficiency of Engines with Ideal Gas as Working Substance... 

Carnot s work permits problems to be approached from thermodynamic positions. It seems that there exist only two ways of increasing the thermal efficiency of engines either increase the heater temperature or lower the cooler temperature Tj. However, the second way is economically unjustified because of its complexity. Therefore, there is only one way of increasing engine thermal efficiency, i.e., raise the heater temperature. However, there are also difficulties inherent in method. For example, if water vapor is used as the working body the problem of corrosion arises which inevitably leads to the deterioration of the engine. 

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