Effect of Quenching Temperature

The effect of the interval of time after quenching is noticeable from a temperature of 300° upwards, and is particularly marked above 400°. 

—Variation in Mechanical Properties with Time after Quenching (from 350°). 

Prom 200° upwards, certain molecular changes take place and Pig. 53 reveals two particularly noticeable quenching temperatures, 350° and 475°, producing the following properties in the metal — 

Tensile Strength. Elastic Limit % Elongation Shock Resistance.  

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Figure 4-9 Effects of quench temperature on quench requirement, reactor cycle life.and optimum quench location (after Shah et al. b).

Figure 4. Effect of Quench Temperature and PET Concentration on Crystallization Time for PET in NMP (Goodyear Cleartuf 7207 PET)...

Ghasem, N., Al-Marzouqi, M., Duaidar, A. 2011. Effect of quenching temperature on the performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) microporous hollow fiber membranes fabricated via thermally induced phase separation technique on the removal of CO2 from C02-gas mixture. Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control 5 1550-1558. 

Fig. 26 Effect of quenching speed on the morphology that develops [16]. a Time-temperature chart recorded in the sample spot, b Sequence showing morphological development when a PET melt is quenched moderately (see dotted line in a). Scale bar represents 50 pan. c Sequence showing morphological development after a PET melt is quenched rapidly to Tx = 130 °C (see solid line in a). Scale bar represents 20 xm...

Baker, G. A. Wenner, B. R. Watkins, A. N. Bright, F. V., Effects of processing temperature on the oxygen quenching behavior of tris(4,7,-diphenyl-l,10,-phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) sequestered within sol-eel-derived xerogel films. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology... 

The preceding tests constitute an investigation of the time required to reach Equilibrium after quenching, in which the changes after quenching have been allowed to take place at the normal temperature. The effect of the temperature after quenching on the attainment of Equilibrium has been investigated by means of supplementary experiments. 

Limit the height of the bed to keep temperature increase <50°C to minimize effects of radial temperature gradients. Bed can be shallow and wide. Quench can include injection of cold reactants, internal or external heat exchangers. 

The effects of melt temperatures of the films before quenching on the crystallization curves were compared at 80° and 100°C. The latter is higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PS block, and the former is lower than the Tg. However, there were no substantial differences in the observed rate curves. It appears that melting above or below Tg of the PS block does not cause substantial change in the size of the PTHF domains. Therefore, the crystallization rate (G) of the block copolymers may be approximated by the equation for homopolymer crystallization (9) ... 

The effects of quench rate on IGC for Al-Gu, Al-Gu-Mg, and Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloys as well as for austenitic stainless steels is considered to be well-understood [43, 74, 75, 106]. Integration of the effects of precipitation and solute depletion at each temperature during a quench (i.e., quench factor analysis) can be compared to isothermal time-temperature-sensitization diagrams in order to predict the quench rate required to avoid IGC [43, 74]. Alloys... 

Fig. 3.1-56 Effect of rolling temperature on hardness specimens quenched after hot-roUing A199.0Cu - 1100 AlMnlMg2 - 3004 AlMg2.5 - 5052 AlMg4.5 - 5082...

F ure 1138 Effect of the temperature of heat treatments on hydrogen cracking susceptibility of quenched carbon steel (0.25% C) cathodically polarized at a potential of -0.14 V in carbonate-bicarbonate solution at 90 °C. Shown is the ratio of the reduction in area measured in the corrosive environment to that measured in a non-corrosive environment (oil) in SCC tests... 

In contrast to LCs, for LCEs the situation remained elusive for several years. For the nematic LCEs, the early experimental studies reported a continuous or supercritical-like evolution of the order parameter [15-18]. Most of the characterizing techniques employed in these studies, such as the thermoelastic response, birefringence and X-ray scattering [17-20], are sensitive to macroscopic or collective rather than local or microscopic quantities. These techniques detect a smooth temperature dependence of the averaged order parameter without any discontinuity at the phase transition. It was, therefore, generally accepted that the phase transition in LCEs is supercritical [15, 21, 22], which was supported by some theoretical predictions about the possible existence of a critical point [22-24]. Nevertheless, there were also ideas that the continuous phase transition is a manifestation of the heterogeneous nature of LCEs [2] and the effects of quenched disorder [25]. 

The steady shear during cooling experiments were conducted for both the pure and modified blends at two different final temperatures, to examine the effect of quench depth. As mentioned in the Experimental section, the sample cooling was not instantaneous, however, the term "quench depth (AT) will be used here and defined as the difference between the cloudpoint temperature, T, and the final experimental temperature, Tf. The final temperatures were selected so that approximately equivalent quench depths could be compared for the pure and modified blends. 

Effect of annealing temperature on yield strength and ductility of Widmanstatten a + p material, annealed 40 min, water quenched + 500 °C (930 °F), 2 h, AC. 

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