Effect of Conductivity, Temperature and Frequency

Margerum et al. [68] have reported that the threshold voltage decreases with increasing a /(Tx, and the optical density of scattering is directly proportional to (cT /(Tl). They also found that can be expressed as 

Dynamic scattering mode displays can be operated by AC as well as DC. However, a DC field generates electrochemical degradations, shortening the life of the display. Hence an AC field is preferred. It is found that an AC field enhances the life of the display almost 50 times compared to that of a DC field [60]. Dynamic scattering mode displays can be operated at any frequency below the cut-off frequency. However, the use of higher frequency increases the current consumption. 

With temperature, the resistance of the liquid crystal decreases and the conductivity increases. Although this does not affect the contrast ratio significantly, it increases the current consumption and the cut-off frequency (/c). As/c is directly proportional to the conductivity, which increases exponentially with temperature, the following relationship between the cut-off frequency and the temperature [69] is possible 

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