Edge distance

Many ionic compounds are considered to pack in such as way that the anions form a close-packed lattice in which the metal cations fill holes or interstitial sites left between the anions. These lattices, however, may not necessarily he as tightly packed as the label close-packed implies. The radius of an F ion is approximately 133 pm. The edge distances of the cubic unit cells of LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, and CsF, all of which... 

Fig. 9. Arrangement of redox centers in D. gigas hydrogenase. Edge-to-edge distances are indicated.

Blast loaded structures produce high reaction loads at column supports. This usually requires substantial base plates as well as high capacity anchor bolts. Achieving full anchorage of these bolts is of primary importance and will usually require headed bolts or plates at the embedded end of the bolts to prevent pullout. When anchor bolts are securely anchored into concrete, the failure mechanism is a ductile, tensile failure of the bolt steel. Insufficient edge distance or insufficient spacing between bolts results in a lower anchorage capacity and a brittle failure mode. 

It is commonly assumed that for long-range ET the electronic factor (ke) (Eq. 1) will decrease exponentially with the donor-acceptor edge-edge distance (d) [29] ... 

Fig. 3. View of the heme and a5Ru(His47) centers in ruthenated Pseudomonas stutzeri cytochrome C551. The edge-edge distance is 7.9 A [15]...

Fig. 4. View of the blue copper and a5Rupis59) centers in ruthenated Anabaena variabilis plastocyanin. The edge-edge distance is 11.9 A [39]...

Fig. 8. ET pathways from His33 and His39 to the heme in cytochrome c. Edge-edge distances are as follows His39 to the heme, 13.0 His33 to HislS, 11.7 His33 to the heme 13.2 A [47]...

Cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp) are physiological partners in the ccp reaction cycle structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic data are available for the protein-protein interaction [69-72]. A model indicates that the cyt c/ccp complex is stabilized by specific salt bridges with the hemes in parallel planes the Fe-Fe distance is 24 A, and the edge-edge distance is 16 A [70]. 

The photoinduced electron-transfer dynamics has also been examined for a series of porphyrin-fullerene-linked molecules with the same spacer employed for Fc-ZnP-H2P-C6o ZnP-Ceo (edge-to-edge distance Ree = 11-9 A), Fc-ZnP-Ceo (Ree = 30.3 A) and ZnP-H2P-Ceo (Ree = 30.3 A), shown in Chart 1 [53]. The driving force dependence of the electron-transfer rate constants ( et) of these dyad, triads, and tetrad molecules is shown in Fig. 3, where log et is plotted against the driving force (-AGet) [47]. 

Figure 5. Plot of log for clgree separation,, and log for radical ion pair recombination, j [, vs edge-to-edge distance between the 7T systems of the ZnTPP donor and anthraquinone acceptor in compounds 1-3 in butyronitrile at 21 .

Edge-to-edge distance, photoinduced electron transfer rate constants, I60,l62f Electron paramagnetic resonance apparatus block... 

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