Econazol

Because of their limited, activity, small spectmm, and side effects, the older topical antimycotics have generally been surpassed by newer antimycotic chemotherapeutic agents. These newer antimycotics for topical use iaclude the imida2ole derivatives clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, isoconazole, sulconazole, fenticonazole, oxiconazole, bifonazole, butoconazole, ziaoconazole, tioconazole, and the triazole derivative, terconazole (Table 2) (5—7). The iatroduction of the azole derivatives represents a milestone ia the treatment of mycoses. 

Miconazole (Micatin), ciclopirox (Loprox), and econazole (Spectazole)—used for treatment of tinea pedis (athlete s foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm), and superficial candidiasis... 

Other imidazole derivatives include clotrimazole (Fig. 5.20B), miconazole (Fig. 5.20C) and econazole (Fig. 5.20D), all of which possess a broad antimycotic spectrum... 

Clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, ketoconazole Newer imidazoles fluconazole, itraconazole... 

Fig. 5.20 Imidazoles (A-F) A, metronidazole B, clotrimazole C, miconazole D, econazole E, ketoconazole F, fluconazole G, flucytosine H, 5-fluorouracil I, terbinafme J, tolnaftate.

Antifungals Biphenamine Ciclopirox Econazole Ethonam Antihelmintics Miconazole To1indate Tolnaftate... 

Liao and Li enantioselectively synthesized and studied the antifungal activity of optically active miconazole and econazole. The key step was the enan-tioselective reduction of 2-chloro-l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanone catalyzed by chiral oxazaborolidine [10]. 

Reference solution (b). Dissolve 30 mg of miconazole CRS and 30 mg of econazole nitrate CRS in the mobile phase and dilute to 5 mL with the mobile phase. 

Inject 10 pL of reference solution (a). When the chromatograms are recorded in the prescribed conditions, the retention times are econazole nitrate, about 10 min miconazole, about 20 min. The test is not valid unless the resolution between the peaks corresponding to econazole nitrate and miconazole is not less than 10 if necessary, adjust the composition of the mobile phase. 

Related substances. Carry out the method for liquid chromatography, Appendix III D, using the following solutions. For solution (1) shake a quantity of the gel containing 50 mg of miconazole with 25 mL of methanol for 30 min, add sufficient methanol to produce 50 mL and filter through a glass microfibre (Whatman GF/C is suitable). For solution (2) dilute 1 volume of solution (1) to 100 volumes with methanol and dilute 5 volumes of the resulting solution to 20 volumes with methanol. Solution (3) contains 0.0025% (w/v) of miconazole nitrate BPCRS and econazole nitrate BPCRS in methanol. 

Inject 10 pL of solution (3). The test is not valid unless the resolution factor between the peaks due to miconazole and econazole is at least 10. 

Salole and Pearson reported the X-ray powder diffraction data for miconazole and econazole [39]. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns and data for the unsolvated samples of miconazole and econazole are reported. 

Aboul-Enein and Ali [78] compared the chiral resolution of miconazole and two other azole compounds by high performance liquid chromatography using normal-phase amylose chiral stationary phases. The resolution of the enantiomers of ( )-econazole, ( )-miconazole, and (i)-sulconazole was achieved on different normal-phase chiral amylose columns, Chiralpak AD, AS, and AR. The mobile phase used was hexane-isopropanol-diethylamine (400 99 1). The flow rates of the mobile phase used were 0.50 and 1 mL/min. The separation factor (a) values for the resolved enantiomers of econazole, miconazole, and sulconazole in the chiral phases were in the range 1.63-1.04 the resolution factors Rs values varied from 5.68 to 0.32. 

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