Dynamic range enhancement

Figure 5. Dynamic range enhancement via SWIFT multiple-ion ejection. Top Normal broad-band heterodyne-mode FT/ICR mass spectrum of perfluorotri-n-butylamine. Middle Same spectrum, in which the vertical scale has been expanded such that the peak at m/z = 503 is full scale. Bottom FT/ICR mass spectrum of the same sample, obtained following prior SWIFT multiple-ion ejection of the (23) peaks whose magnitude-mode peak heights exceeded a threshold of 1.6 % of the height of the biggest peak 1n the original spectrum. Note the higher mass resolution, reduced noise, and flatter baseline in the SWIFT multiple-ion ejected spectrum.

In a recent report, Tiller et al. [45] described increased throughput for drug metabolite identification studies in the early discovery phase with a record of 21 diverse structural classes of NCEs assayed in one day using AM LC-MS/MS on a Waters QTOF Premier MS system (Waters, Milford, MA, United States) and targeted data analysis procedures. An MSE experiment [46], utilizing dynamic range enhancement... 

A. C. Eckbreth, Optical Splitter for Dynamic Range Enhancement in Optical Multichannel Detectors, Appl. Opt. 22 2118 (1983). 

Moreira P J, Ferreira L A, Santos J L et al., Dynamic range enhancement in fiber Bragg grating sensors using a multimode laser diode , IEEE Photon. Technol Lett., 1999, 11(6), 703-5. 

The version 2.0 assay uses a different set of probes designed to hybridize to genotypes 1 to 6 with equal efficacy (Fig. 4). The new probe set not only enhanced the efficiency of binding to genotypic variants but also lowered the LOQ from 3.5 X 105 to 2 X 105 HCV RNA equivalents/ml (Detmer et al., 1996). The version 2.0 assay displayed almost a 600-fold dynamic range up to 1.2 X 108 RNA equivalents/ml. The LOQ was set at 2 X 105 to ensure a specificity of 95%. The assay was reproducible, with a mean CV of 14% for replicates of low-, middle-, and high-titer sera. Serial dilutions of quality level 1 RNA transcripts (Collins et al,... 

Dan et al. found that Brij-35 also produces an enhancement of the CL intensity of the reaction of fti.v AL[2-(A, -rnclhyl-2 -pyridiniumyl)ethyl]-AL [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]]oxamide with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of some fluorophors [40], To be precise, the CL intensity increased by a factor of 130 for 8-aniline-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and 5.6 forrhodamine B (RH B), compared to the CL intensity in the absence of surfactant. This leads to an increase of 2-3 orders of magnitude in the linear dynamic ranges and a more precise determination of these analytes. However, improvement of the detection... 

For high-throughput analysis, it is important to increase the specihcity of each bioanalytical method. The enhancement of chromatographic resolution presents various limitations. Better selectivity can be obtained with TOF mass analyzers that routinely provide more than 5000 resolution (full width at half-mass or FWHM). The enhanced selectivity of a TOF MS is very attractive for problems such as matrix suppression and metabolite interference. In one report of quantitative analysis using SRM, TOF appeared less sensitive than triple quadrupole methods but exhibited comparable dynamic range with acceptable precision and accuracy.102... 

First, the decreasing supply voltages tend to reduce the dynamic range of analog circuitry, unless this is compensated for by a substantial increase of power dissipation. Next, device miniaturization enhances, rather than reduces, 1/f noise. Finally, the very high cost of silicon real estate after a deca-nanometer process could become incompatible with the requested size of on-chip sensors. 

Yost, R.A., McClennan, W. and Menzzelaar, H.L.C. Enhanced full scan sensitivity and dynamic range in Finnigan MAT ion trap detector with automatic gain control of software. Finnigan MAT IDT 22. 

A reversible, direct fluoroimmunosensor for human serum albumin (HS A) measurement has been described by Bright et al.(m> Antibody Fab fragments are first immobilized on small quartz plates by hinge-region thiols, and then dansylated. The immunosensor is formed by attaching the quartz plates with bound Fab to the distal end of a bifurcated fiber-optic probe, which transmits both the excitation and emission. Binding of ffSA to the immunosensor results in a three- to five-fold enhancement of dansyl fluorescence. The sensor can be reused up to 50 times, with a detection limit of about 1.8 x 10-8 M, and a somewhat limited dynamic range. 

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