Dynamic growth conditions

The accumulation of PolyPs in cells results from two processes synthesis and utilization of PolyP. The dynamics of the known PolyP-synthesizing enzymes, i.e. polyphosphate kinase and 1,3-diphosphoglycerol-polyphosphate phosphotransferase, showed that these enzyme activities weakly correlate with the dynamics of PolyP accumulation under standard growth conditions (see Figure 8.1). The main peak of polyphosphate kinase activity was... 

In the present work, we study ice crystal growth in AFGP solutions with phase contrast and fluorescence microscopies in a 1-directional growth apparatus. With fluorescence microscopy we have directly visualized the protein dynamics at the interface of a growing ice crystal. Contrary to previous understandings, the proteins become incorporated into veins and not directly into the crystal matrix." This indicates that the proteins only weakly adsorb to the interface. Under slower growth conditions no veins are... 

The rubrene source material was purchased from Aldrich (purity > 98%) and purified by threefold sublimation under dynamic vacuum conditions. The rubrene layers were evaporated in a standard HWE reactor on freshly cleaved 2Mi muscovite mica. Two different growth rates were used by employing different... 

Oliveira, A.L., Costa, S.A., Sousa, R.A., and Reis, R.L. (2009) Nucleation and growth of biomimetic apatite layers on 3D plotted biodegradable polymeric scaffolds effect of static and dynamic coating conditions. Acta Biomater., 5 (5), 1626-1638. 

Rubbers having main chain unsaturation can undergo ozone cracking when test pieces are exposed to atmospheric traces of ozone at an elongation above a characteristic threshold strain [63]. For most diene rubbers this strain is typically around 5% in the absence of any protective agent, although under dynamic strain conditions it can be reduced to less than 1%. Antiozonant materials are added to rise the threshold strain above the maximum strain encountered in service life or alternatively, as is usually the case in dynamically strained applications, to reduce the rate of crack growth. 

A. G. Evans, Slow crack growth in brittle materials under dynamic loading condition, Int. J. Fracture, 10 [2] 251-259(1974). 

The calculations were carried out in the framework of the model of point defect dynamics, i.e., for the same crystals with the same parameters as in already the classical work on the simulation of microvoids and interstitial dislocation loops (A-microdefects) (Kulkarni et al., 2004). According to the analysis of the modern temperature fields used when growing crystals by the Czochralski method, the temperature gradient was taken to be G = 2.5 K/ mm (Kulkarni et al., 2004). The simulation was performed for crystals 150 mm in diameter, which were grown at the rates Vg = 0.6 and 0.7 mm/ min. These growth conditions correspond to the growth parameter Vg/ G >... 

Needleman, A., Numerical modeling of crack growth under dynamic loading conditions. Comput. Mech., 19, 463-469 (1997). 

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